Question

Two reactions between a Grignard reagent and a carbonyl compound are given. Draw the main organic product for each reaction and indicate if H + or H − is needed to complete each reaction. The starting material structures are provided in the answer fields as a starting point for your drawings.

Answer 1

Complete Question

The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image

Answer:

The solution to the question above is shown on the second uploaded image

Explanation:

This talks on the  concept of reaction of Grignard reagent with carbonyl compounds.  Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) are extremely reactive towards the nucleophile due to their highly electrophilic nature. Carbonyl groups include a carbon which is attached to the oxygen atom which highly electronegative as compared to the carbon and hence attracts the shared pair of electrons which results in the generation of partial positive character on the carbonyl carbon.

Grignard reagents on reaction with carbonyl compounds carry out a nucleophilic addition reaction which on treatment with water gives a corresponding alcohol.

For the First reaction

The reaction of Grignard reagent with the ketone is shown on the third uploaded image :

i.e Butan-2-one reacts with methyl magnesium bromide in presence of ${{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}$

 to form 2-methylbutan-2-ol.

For the Second reaction

The reaction of Grignard reagent with the aldehyde is shown on the fourth uploaded image :

I.e Butyraldehyde reacts with ethyl magnesium bromide in presence of ${{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}$

 to form hexan-3-ol.