The bottleneck event of the plants in an area results in secondary succession.
<h2>What is bottleneck event?</h2>
A bottleneck is an event that drastically reduces the population size of an organism. The bottleneck may be caused by various events, such as an environmental disaster, the hunting or habitat destruction that results in the deaths of organisms.
<h3>Secondary succession</h3>
Secondary succession is a type of ecological succession in which plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance such as a devastating flood, wildfire, landslide, lava flow, or human activity e.g., farming or road or building construction.
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Answer:
121.3 cm^3
Explanation:
P1 = Po + 70 m water pressure (at a depth)
P2 = Po (at the surface)
T1 = 4°C = 273 + 4 = 277 K
V1 = 14 cm^3
T2 = 23 °C = 273 + 23 = 300 K
Let the volume of bubble at the surface of the lake is V2.
Density of water, d = 1000 kg/m^3
Po = atmospheric pressure = 10^5 N/m^2
P1 = 10^5 + 70 x 1000 x 10 = 8 x 10^5 N/m^2
Use the ideal gas equation

By substituting the values, we get

V2 = 121.3 cm^3
Thus, the volume of bubble at the surface of lake is 121.3 cm^3.
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Answer: To increase the rigidity of the system you could hold the ruler at its midpoint so that the part of the ruler that oscillates is half as long as in the original experiment.
Explanation:
When a rule is displaced from its vertical position, it oscillates back and forth because of the restoring force opposing the displacement. That is, when the rule is on the left there is a force to the right.
By holding a ruler with one hand and deforming it with the other a force is generated in the opposite direction which is known as the restoring force. The restoring force causes the ruler to move back toward its stable equilibrium position, where the net force on it is zero. The momentum gained causes the ruler to move to the right leading to opposite deformation. This moves the ruler again to the left. The whole process is repeated until dissipative forces reduce the motion causing the ruler to come to rest.
The relationship between restoring force and displacement was described by Hooke's law. This states that displacement or deformation is directly proportional to the deforming force applied.
F= -kx, where,
F= restoring force
x= displacement or deformation
k= constant related to the rigidity of the system.
Therefore, the larger the force constant, the greater the restoring force, and the stiffer the system.
Answer:
W₂= 10000 N
Explanation:
Pascal´s Principle can be applied in the hydraulic press:
If we apply a small force (F1) on a small area piston A1, then, a pressure (P) is generated that is transmitted equally to all the particles of the liquid until it reaches a larger area piston and therefore a force (F2) can be exerted that is proportional to the area (A2) of the piston:
Pressure is defined as the force (F) applied per unit area (A)
P=F/A (N/m²)
P1=P2

Equation (1)
Data
W₁ = weight sits on the small piston
F₁ = W₁= 500 N
A₁ = 2.0 cm²
A₂ = 40 cm²
Calculation of the weight (W₂) can the large piston support
We replace data in the equation (1)
F₂ = 10000 N
W₂= F₂= 10000 N