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muminat
3 years ago
5

18. Investigue por qué en el bloque "d" se aplica la fórmula n-1 y en el bloque "f" n-2.​

Chemistry
1 answer:
omeli [17]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

La razón de esto es porque los elementos en el bloque d tienen sus electrones d en la capa (n-1) (penúltima capa) y puede usar electrones de la capa (n-1) (penúltima capa) para formar enlaces químicos.

Los elementos en el bloque f tienen sus electrones f en sus capas (n-2) y pueden llegar a usar electrones de la capa (n-2) (capa antes de la penúltima capa) para enlaces químicos.

Explanation:

Para explicar esto, comencemos con los elementos de bloque syp; Los elementos de bloque syp usan electrones que tienen el mismo número cuántico principal para enlaces químicos. Por ejemplo, el aluminio utiliza los electrones 3s más externos y el carbono los electrones 2s y 2p cuando forman enlaces químicos. A pesar de que el carbono (bloque p) utiliza electrones de dos conjuntos de orbitales (2s, 2p) para la unión covalente, su número cuántico principal es el mismo (2) ya que todavía provienen de la misma capa.

Pero, los metales de transición (elementos de bloque d) usan electrones del orbital "s" de la capa más externa y los orbitales "d" de la penúltima capa forman enlaces químicos. Por ejemplo, los elementos de la primera serie de transición como el manganeso, el cobre y el hierro pueden usar los electrones 4s más externos y los electrones 3d de la penúltima capa, con diferentes números cuánticos principales (4 y 3). Eso significa que los metales de transición pueden usar tanto el orbital ‘ns’ más externo como los orbitales d (n-1) de la penúltima caparazón.

Luego, para los metales de transición internos (elementos de bloque f), tienen sus electrones f en sus capas (n-2) y pueden llegar a usar electrones de la capa (n-2) (capa antes de la penúltima capa) para enlaces químicos.

¡¡¡Espero que esto ayude!!!

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