When calculated energy transferred between objects use the definition of heat as
We can solve the problem by using the first law of thermodynamics:

where
is the change in internal energy of the system
is the heat absorbed by the system
is the work done by the system on the surrounding
In this problem, the work done by the system is

with a negative sign because the work is done by the surrounding on the system, while the heat absorbed is

with a negative sign as well because it is released by the system.
Therefore, by using the initial equation, we find

In terms of the scientific method, the immediate purpose of doing an experiment is gathering data. You cannot draw conclusions or form a proper hypothesis without some sort of basis and data.
to your question is 54 cm