Carbonyl compounds can be protonated on the carbonyl oxygen. Protonation of the carbonyl oxygen gives a species whose positive c
harge is delocalized by resonance. Explain why acetic acid (ethanoic acid) is more readily protonated than acetone (propanone).
1 answer:
Answer:
Full explanation is given below.
Explanation:
Positive charge on carbonyl oxygen atom in protonated acetic acid is delocalized by stronger electron donating resonating effect of lone pair of oxygen atom in adjacent -OH group.
Positive charge on carbonyl oxygen atom in protonated acetone is delocalized by weaker electron donating inductive effect of two adjacent methyl groups.
Higher the delocalization of positive charge, higher will be stability of protonated species. Hence acetic acid is more rapidly protonated.
Resonance structures of protonated acetic acid has been shown below.
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Answer:
71.5g
Explanation:
The reaction equation is given as:
C + O₂ → CO₂
Mass of C = 42g
Mass of O₂ = 52g
Unknown:
Mass of CO₂ produced = ?
Solution
Now to solve this problem, we have to find limiting reactant which is the one given in short supply in this reaction.
The extent of the reaction is controlled by this reactant.
Find the number of moles of the given species;
Number of moles =
Number of moles of C = = 3.5mol
Number of moles of O₂ = = 1.63mol
Now;
From the balanced reaction equation;
1 mole of C reacted with 1 mole of O₂
We see that C is in excess and O₂ is the limiting reactant.
1 mole of O₂ will produce 1 mole of CO₂
So; 1.63mole of O₂ will produce 1.63 mole of CO₂
Mass of CO₂ = number of moles x molar mass
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44g/mol
Mass of CO₂ = 1.63 x 44 = 71.5g