Answer:


Explanation:
Given that;
diameter (d) = 10cm/2 = 0.1m/2 = 0.05 m
length (l) = 10 cm = 0.1 m
porosity = 50%
height (h) = 30 cm = 0.3 m
time (t) = 5 s
volume (v) = 60 cm³ = 60 × 10⁻⁶ m³
Q (flow rate) = 
Q = 
Q = 
From constant head method, we use the relation K =
to determine the hydraulic conductivity ; we have:


Seepage velocity 
where; velocity = 
=
= 


Thermal energy:
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Answer:
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(2) 2 - 7 - 18 - 7 does, because the electron from the L shell jumped to the N shell, which requires energy.
The rest of them are either different types of atoms (different elements) or are not the excited state (ground state)
Physical, because the ice is only changing it's state. It's not changing to a new substance.