Answer:
2.56 N*m
Explanation:
Torque is force times distance, with the force being perpendicular to the distance.
If the force and distance are not perpendicular, a projection of one of the two must be used instead.
We will use the projection of the length of the shaft upon a perpendicular of the force applied. This will have a magnitude of:
Lh = L * cos(a) (I name it Lh because it is a horizontal projection in this case)
Lh = 0.2 * cos(π/5) = 0.16 m
Then:
T = f * d
T = 16 * 0.16 = 2.56 N*m
In order to calculate the amount of energy required, we must first check the latent heat of vaporization of water from literature. The latent heat of vaporization of any substance is the amount of energy required per unit mass to convert that substance from a solid to a liquid. For water this is 2,260 J/g. We now use the formula:
Energy = mass * latent heat
Q = 50 * 2,260
Q = 113,000 J
113,000 Joules of heat energy are required.
Answer:
Raindrops start to form in a roughly spherical structure due to the surface tension of water. This surface tension is the "skin" of a body of water that makes the molecules stick together. The cause is the weak hydrogen bonds that occur between water molecules.
