A negatively charged rod is placed near two neutral metal spheres, as shown below. Which statements describe the charging method
2 answers:
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Answer:
a. It starts at point B.
vp = 2.53*10⁴ m/s
a. it starts at point A.
ve= 1.08*10⁶ m/s
Explanation:
a) As the proton is a positive charge, when released from rest, it will be accelerated due to the potential difference, from the higher potential to the lower one, so it is at the point B when released.
Once released, as the total energy must be conserved, the increase in kinetic energy must be equal (in magnitude) to the change in the electric potential energy, as follows:
ΔK + ΔUe = 0 ⇒ ΔK = -ΔUe =- (e*ΔV)
⇒
where e= elementary charge= 1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C, VA = 1.83 V, VB= 5.17V, and mp= mass of proton = 1.67*10⁻²⁷ kg.
Replacing by these values, and solving for v, we have:
⇒ vp = 2.53*10⁴ m/s
b) If, instead of a proton, the charge realeased from rest, had been an electron, a few things would change:
First, as the electrons carry negative charges, they move from the lower potentials to the higher ones, which means that it would have started at point A.
Second, as its charge is (-e) the change in electric potential energy had been negative also:
ΔUe = -e*ΔV = -e* (VB-VA)
In order to find the speed of the electron when it is just passing point B, we can apply the conservation of energy principle as for the proton, as follows:
where e= elementary charge= 1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C, VA = 1.83 V, VB= 5.17V, and me= mass of electron = 9.1*10⁻³¹ kg.
Replacing by these values, and solving for v, we have:
⇒ ve = 1.08*10⁶ m/s
Newton's First Law of Motion :
An object stays in rest or in uniform motion unless and until compelled by an external unbalanced force . This is also known as " Law of Inertia " .
Here this statement is best represented by the statement : <em>Unbalanced forces cause an object to move.</em><em> </em>[ option c ]
<u>More</u><u> to</u><u> know</u><u> </u><u>:</u><u>-</u>
Newton's 3 laws of motion :-
Newton's First Law of Motion :-
It states that an object stays in rest or in uniform motion unless and until compelled by an external unbalanced force . This is also known as " Law of Inertia " .
Ex - (i) We tend to fall backwards while standing in the bus , when it starts suddenly.
(ii) We tend to fall forward while standing in the bus , when it stops suddenly.
Newton's Second Law of Motion :-
It states that the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force in the direction of the force . That is ∆p Force .
Ex - (i) When we push car & a truck with same force the car will have Greater acceleration due to less mass . (Imaginary case ).
(ii) We feel easy to push a empty cart than a full cart .
Newton's Third Law of Motion :-
It states that every action has equal and opposite reaction .
Ex - (i) We are able to walk on ground due to Newton's third law of motion .
(ii) When we push wall it also applies equal and opposite force .