Answer:
In a covalent bond, the atoms bond by sharing electrons. Covalent bonds usually occur between nonmetals. For example, in water (H2O) each hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) share a pair of electrons to make a molecule of two hydrogen atoms single bonded to a single oxygen atom.
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Answer: Chosen landforms are:
1) Hill
2) Mountain
3) Plateau
4) Valley
Explanation:
1) Hill is an elevated location smaller than a mountain. Location: Land
2) Mountain is a large mass of earth and rock, rising above the common level of the earth or adjacent land, usually given by geographers as above 1000 feet in height (or 304.8 metres).
Location: Land or Water
3) Plateau is a largely level expanse of land at a high elevation. It is also known as tableland.
Location: Land
4) Valley is an elongated depression between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it.
Location: Land or Water
Answer: Sunlight.
Explanation:
Photochemical smog is formed when primary pollutants such nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compound (VOC) react with sunlight, forming a brown haze above cities.
Photochemical smog can only occur during the day.
We can set up an ICE table for the reaction:
HClO H+ ClO-
Initial 0.0375 0 0
Change -x +x +x
Equilibrium 0.0375-x x x
We calculate [H+] from Ka:
Ka = 3.0x10^-8 = [H+][ClO-]/[HClO] = (x)(x)/(0.0375-x)
Approximating that x is negligible compared to 0.0375 simplifies the equation to
3.0x10^-8 = (x)(x)/0.0375
3.0x10^-8 = x2/0.0375
x2 = (3.0x10^-8)(0.0375) = 1.125x10^-9
x = sqrt(1.125x10^-9) = 0.0000335 = 3.35x10^-5 = [H+]
in which 0.0000335 is indeed negligible compared to 0.0375.
We can now calculate pH:
pH = -log [H+] = - log (3.35 x 10^-5) = 4.47
