Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
According to the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR), the geometry of a molecule depends on the number of electron pairs (regions of electron density) on the central atom of the molecule. Electron pairs on the valence shell of the molecule tend to position themselves as far apart in space as possible to minimize repulsion between them. Hence, the orientation of these electron pairs is the ultimate determinant of the observed geometry of a molecule.
Lone pairs of electrons cause more repulsion than bond pairs of electrons on the central atom of a molecule. Hence when the central atom of a molecule contains lone pairs of electrons, the molecular geometry is usually distorted from the expected geometry on the basis of VSEPR theory.
Hence, electrons are the subatomic particles which are responsible for any change in the observed molecular geometry of a molecule.
Answer:
The equilibrium shifts towards reagents
Explanation:
Is known ![Kc=\frac{[products]}{[reagents]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Kc%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Bproducts%5D%7D%7B%5Breagents%5D%7D)
rised to the power of their number of moles in the balanced reaction. When you have a system at equilibrium with Kc < 1, it means [products] < [reagents] and the system needs energy to react, so if you decrease tempeture the equilibrium shifts towards reagents and less products will be created.
This efect can be discribed with Van´t Hoff equation: 
where we can see that if we decrease temperature (this is T2<T1) in consecuense K2<K1 and reaction doesn´t happen.
Atoms form chemical bonds to make their outer electron shells more stable. ... An ionic bond, where one atom essentially donates an electron to another, forms when one atom becomes stable by losing its outer electrons and the other atoms become stable (usually by filling its valence shell) by gaining the electrons.
A substance that has no specific volume changes to a substance that has a specific volume.
Bonds between atoms break and new ones form and energy is either given out or taken in
