Question

In your own words list the rules for naming hydrocarbons and substituted hydrocarbons. Be detailed in listing all rules including priority for numbering carbons, prefixes and suffixes, and the structure of the name.

Answer 1

Answer :

The basic rules for naming of hydrocarbons are :

First select the longest possible carbon chain.

The longest possible carbon chain should include the carbons of double or triple bonds.

The naming of alkane is done by adding the suffix -ane, alkene by adding the suffix -ene, alkyne by adding the suffix -yne.

The numbering is done in such a way that first carbon of double or triple bond gets the lowest number.

The carbon atoms of the double or triple bond get the preference over the other substituents present in the parent chain.

If two or more similar alkyl groups are present in a compound, the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra- and so on are used to specify the number of times of the alkyl groups in the chain.