What is the charge of an atom with 21 protons and 6 electrons
2 answers:
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Answer:
E = Q / 4 π ε₀ (r-R_int) / (R_put³ -R_int³)
Explanation:
For this exercise we can use Gauss's law
Ф = ∫ E. dA = / ε₀
Where q is the charge inside the surface.
In this case the surface must be a sphere, the electric field lines and the radius of the sphere are parallel, so the scalar product is reduced to the algebraic product
∫ E dA = q_{int}/ ε₀
The area of a sphere is
A = 4π r²
- The electric field for a distance r < R_int
The charge inside is zero, so the electric field
E = 0 r <R_in t
- The field for a radio inside the shell
Let's use the concept of density
ρ = Q / V
q = ρ (4/3 π r³)
dq = ρ 4π r² dr
We substitute in the Gaussian equation
E ∫ dA = ρ 4π r² dr / ε₀
E 4π r² = ρ 4π/ε₀ r³ / 3
E = ρ / 3ε₀ r
We evaluate between the lower limit r = R_int, E = 0 and the upper limit r = r, E = E
E- 0 = ρ / 3ε₀ (r –R_int)
Density is
ρ = q / 4/3 π (R_out³ - R_int³)
Where R <r
E = Q / 4 π ε₀ (r-R_int) / (R_put³ -R_int³)