Answer:
1) positive
2) carbocation
3) most stable
4) faster
Explanation:
A common test for the presence of alcohols can be achieved using the Lucas reagent. Lucas reagent is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride.
The reaction of Lucas reagent reacts with alcohols leading to the formation of an alkyl chloride. Since the reaction proceeds via a carbocation mechanism, tertiary alcohols give an immediate reaction. Once a tertiary alcohol is mixed with Lucas reagent, the solution turns cloudy almost immediately indicating an instant positive reaction.
Secondary alcohols may turn cloudy within five minutes of mixing the solutions. Primary alcohols do not significantly react with Lucas reagent obviously because they do not form stable carbocations.
Therefore we can use the Lucas reagent to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
Answer:
Two half lives.
Explanation:
It is known that the decay of isotopes and radioactive material obeys first order kinetics.
Also, it is clear that in first order decay the half-life time is independent of the initial concentration.
That means for a sample 100% to decay to 50 % it will take one half-life, and to decay the remaining 50% to 25% it will take another half-life.
So, for a sample has 25% parent and 75% daughter it will have two half-lives.
Answer:
The photosynthesis process is interrupted.
Explanation:
Algae produce energy using the photosynthesis process. The reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is part of this process. Despite this reduction reaction being light-independent (Calvin Cycle), the precursors of this reaction are synthesized in light-dependent steps.
This is the reason why the reduction is blocked when the algae is placed in the dark.
