Since Astronaut and wrench system is isolated in the space and there is no external force on it
So here momentum of the system will remain conserved
so here we can say
initially both are at rest
so here plug in all values
so here the astronaut will move in opposite direction and its speed will be equal to 0.20 m/s
From Carnot's theorem, for any engine working between these two temperatures:
efficiency <= (1-tc/th) * 100
Given: tc = 300k (from question assuming it is not 5300 as it seems)
For a, th = 900k, efficiency = (1-300/900) = 70%
For b, th = 500k, efficiency = (1-300/500) = 40%
For c, th = 375k, efficiency = (1-300/375) = 20%
Hence in case of a and b, efficiency claimed is lesser than efficiency calculated, which is valid case and in case of c, however efficiency claimed is greater which is invalid.
transverse and longitudinal
The centripetal force is provided by the friction between the tyres and the ground. That's why a car will slip on ice, because there is less friction.
The core difference is that heat deals with thermal energy, whereas temperature is more concerned with molecular kinetic energy. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy, whereas temperature is a property the object exhibits.
