The cations and anions can be identified using cataloged reactions schemes. For instance, the copper II ion can be identified by reaction with sodium hydroxide.
The sodium cation is easily identified by flame test. sodium imparts a yellow color to a flame. The chloride ion is identified by the use of a mixture of HNO3/AgNO3 solution. The color of the precipitate shows which halide ion is present. A white precipitate indicates the presence of the chloride ion.
The potassium cation is also identified by flame test. The ion imparts a lilac color to flame. Addition of acidified FeSO4 solution is used to confirm the presence of the nitrate ion. Formation of a brown ring is a positive test for the nitrate ion.
For CuSO4, the presence of copper II ion can be confirmed using dilute NaOH. If a light blue precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess NaOH then the copper II ion is confirmed. The presence of the sulfate ion is confirmed using a solution of barium nitrate and dilute nitric acid. Formation of a white precipitate is a positive test for the sulfate ion.
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1. Calcium hydrogen phosphate
2. Iron(II) Hydrogen Sulfate
3. Calcium hydroxide
4. Aluminum chloride hydroxide
Answer: Option (C) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Movement of particles in a substance is responsible for change in state of the substance or matter.
This means that more is the motion of particles more will be their kinetic energy.
Also, kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.
K.E = 
So, less is the temperature of an object or substance less will be be the motion of its particles. Therefore, molecules will come closer to each other and state of substance will change from liquid to solid.
Thus, we can conclude that the motion of the molecules would decrease at a molecular level if a liquid is placed in cool conditions.
The correct option is this: EFFUSION BECAUSE THERE IS A MOVEMENT OF A GAS THROUGH A SMALL OPENING INTO A LARGER VOLUME.
Effusion refers to the movement of gas particles through a small hole. According to Graham's law, the effusion rate of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles.
Remember that
- For being a bond covalent ∆E<1.8
- For being a bond ionic ∆E>1.8
#1
Carbon is present so it's covalent
#2
#3
- P-H will hardly form a bond
#4
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