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FrozenT [24]
3 years ago
6

Which of the following statements is/are true?Check all that apply.a. A conservative force permits a two-way conversion between

kinetic and potential energies.b. A potential energy function can be specified for a conservative force.c. A nonconservative force permits a two-way conversion between kinetic and potential energies.d. The work done by a conservative force depends on the path taken.e. The work done by a nonconservative force depends on the path taken.f. A potential energy function can be specified for a nonconservative force.
Physics
1 answer:
Eddi Din [679]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

a). A conservative force permits a two-way conversion between kinetic and potential energies.

TRUE

Because there is no energy loss in presence of conservative forces so energy conversion in two ways are possible.

b). A potential energy function can be specified for a conservative force.

TRUE

negative gradient of potential energy is equal to conservative force

F = -\frac{dU}{dr}

c). A non-conservative force permits a two-way conversion between kinetic and potential energies.

FALSE

here energy is lost against non-conservative forces

d). The work done by a conservative force depends on the path taken.

FALSE

work done by conservative force is independent of path

e). The work done by a non-conservative force depends on the path taken.

TRUE

work done by non conservative forces depends on path.

f). A potential energy function can be specified for a non-conservative force.

FALSE

It is not defined for non conservative forces

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Which statement correctly explains molecular motion in different states of matter using the kinetic theory?
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X-rays with an energy of 400 keV undergo Compton scattering with a target. If the scattered X-rays are detected at \theta = 30^{
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<h2>Answer: 37.937 keV</h2>

Explanation:

<u>Photons have momentum</u>, this was proved by he American physicist Arthur H. Compton after his experiments related to the <u>scattering of photons from electrons</u> (Compton Effect or Compton Shift). In addition, energy and momentum are conserved in the process.

In this context, the Compton Shift \Delta \lambda in wavelength when the photons are scattered is given by the following equation:

\Delta \lambda=\lambda' - \lambda_{o}=\lambda_{c}(1-cos\theta)     (1)

Where:

\lambda_{c}=2.43(10)^{-12} m is a constant whose value is given by \frac{h}{m_{e}.c}, being h=4.136(10)^{-15}eV.s the Planck constant, m_{e} the mass of the electron and c=3(10)^{8}m/s the speed of light in vacuum.

\theta=30\° the angle between incident phhoton and the scatered photon.

We are told the scattered X-rays (photons) are detected at 30\°:

\Delta \lambda=\lambda' - \lambda_{o}=\lambda_{c}(1-cos(30\°))   (2)

\Delta \lambda=\lambda' - \lambda_{o}=3.2502(10)^{-13}m   (3)

Now, the initial energy E_{o}=400keV=400(10)^{3}eV of the photon is given by:

 E_{o}=\frac{h.c}{\lambda_{o}}    (4)

From this equation (4) we can find the value of \lambda_{o}:

\lambda_{o}=\frac{h.c}{E_{o}}    (5)

\lambda_{o}=\frac{(4.136(10)^{-15}eV.s)(3(10)^{8}m/s)}{400(10)^{3}eV}    

\lambda_{o}=3.102(10)^{-12}m    (6)

Knowing the value of \Delta \lambda and \lambda_{o}, let's find \lambda':

\Delta \lambda=\lambda' - \lambda_{o}

Then:

\lambda'=\Delta \lambda+\lambda_{o}  (7)

\lambda'=3.2502(10)^{-13}m+3.102(10)^{-12}m  

\lambda'=3.427(10)^{-12}m  (8)

Knowing the wavelength of the scattered photon \lambda'  , we can find its energy E' :

E'=\frac{h.c}{\lambda'}    (9)

E'=\frac{(4.136(10)^{-15}eV.s)(3(10)^{8}m/s)}{3.427(10)^{-12}m}    

E'=362.063keV    (10) This is the energy of the scattered photon

So, if we want to know the energy of the recoiling electron E_{e}, we have to calculate all the energy lost by the photon, which is:

E_{e}=E_{o}-E'  (11)

E_{e}=400keV-362.063keV  

Finally we obtain the energy of the recoiling electron:

E_{e}=37.937keV  

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