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3 years ago

What 2 factors determine whether a collision between reactants is effective

Chemistry

1 answer:

andreyandreev [35.5K]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

The kinetic energy and the orientation of the molecules.

Explanation:

As per the collision theory, in order for the reactants yield the products, the molecules or particles must collide with a kinetic energy greater than or equal to the activation energy, and they must collide in the right orientation for the old bonds can be broken and the new ones formed.

The particles of reactants that collide either with less kinetic energy than the needed or in a different orientation will not drive to formation of new products but will "bounce" without producing any chemical change.

This theory is in agreement with the observations that increasing the concentration of reactants increases the rate of reaction, because more collisions will be occur, such as increasing the temperature also increases the rate of reaction, because the collisions will be more energetic.

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Menthol, the substance we can smell in mentholated cough drops, is composed of C, H, and O. A 0.1005 g sample of menthol is comb

Bogdan [553]

Answer: The molecular formula for the menthol is $C_{10}H_{20}O$

Explanation:

The chemical equation for the combustion of hydrocarbon having carbon, hydrogen and oxygen follows:

$C_xH_yO_z+O_2\rightarrow CO_2+H_2O$

where, 'x', 'y' and 'z' are the subscripts of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen respectively.

We are given:

Mass of $CO_2=0.2829g$

Mass of $H_2O=0.1159g$

We know that:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

For calculating the mass of carbon:

In 44g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in 0.2829 g of carbon dioxide, $\frac{12}{44}\times 0.2829=0.077g$ of carbon will be contained.

For calculating the mass of hydrogen:

In 18g of water, 2 g of hydrogen is contained.

So, in 0.1159 g of water, $\frac{2}{18}\times 0.1159=0.0129g$ of hydrogen will be contained.

Mass of oxygen in the compound = (0.1005) - (0.077 + 0.0129) = 0.0106 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Step 1: Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Carbon = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Carbon}}{\text{Molar mass of Carbon}}=\frac{0.077g}{12g/mole}=0.0064moles$

Moles of Hydrogen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{0.0129g}{1g/mole}=0.0129moles$

Moles of Oxygen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of oxygen}}{\text{Molar mass of oxygen}}=\frac{0.0106g}{16g/mole}=0.00066moles$

Step 2: Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.00066 moles.

For Carbon = $\frac{0.0064}{0.00066}=9.69\approx 10$

For Hydrogen = $\frac{0.0129}{0.00064}=19.54\approx 20$

For Oxygen = $\frac{0.00066}{0.00066}=1$

Step 3: Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of C : H : O = 10 : 20 : 1

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is $C_{10}H_{20}O_1=C_{10}H_{20}O$

For determining the molecular formula, we need to determine the valency which is multiplied by each element to get the molecular formula.

The equation used to calculate the valency is :

$n=\frac{\text{molecular mass}}{\text{empirical mass}}$

We are given:

Mass of molecular formula = 156.27 g/mol

Mass of empirical formula = 156 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$n=\frac{156.27g/mol}{156g/mol}=1$

Multiplying this valency by the subscript of every element of empirical formula, we get:

$C_{(1\times 10)}H_{(1\times 20)}O_{(1\times 1)}=C_{10}H_{20}O$

Thus, the molecular formula for the menthol is $C_{10}H_{20}O$

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What is diffusion? Class 9th Chemistry

tester [92]

Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration . Diffusion happens in liquids and gases because their particles move randomly from place to place . Diffusion is an important process for living things ; it is how substances move in and out of cells .

Pls follow me and Mark as brainlest :-)

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

To three significant digit,what is the mass percentage of iron in the compound Fe2O3

svlad2 [7]

69.9%

Explanation:

To find the mass percentage of iron in the compound in Fe₂O₃, we would go ahead to express the given molar mass of the iron to that of the compound.

Mass percentage = $\frac{molar mass of Fe}{Molar mass of Fe_{2}O_{3} }$ x 100