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3 years ago

How much momentum will a dumb-bell of mass 10 kg transfer

1 answer:

6 0

We want to find how much momentum the dumbbell has at the moment it strikes the floor. Let's use this kinematics equation:

Vf² = Vi² + 2ad

Vf is the final velocity of the dumbbell, Vi is its initial velocity, a is its acceleration, and d is the height of its fall.

Given values:

Vi = 0m/s (dumbbell starts falling from rest)

a = 10m/s² (we'll treat downward motion as positive, this doesn't affect the result as long as we keep this in mind)

d = 80×10⁻²m

Plug in the values and solve for Vf:

Vf² = 2(10)(80×10⁻²)

Vf = ±4m/s

Reject the negative root.

Vf = 4m/s

The momentum of the dumbbell is given by:

p = mv

p is its momentum, m is its mass, and v is its velocity.

Given values:

m = 10kg

v = 4m/s (from previous calculation)

Plug in the values and solve for p:

p = 10(4)

p = 40kg×m/s

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Answer:

(a) f = 0.58Hz

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Explanation:

(a) The frequency of the oscillation, in a spring-mass system, is calculated by using the following formula:

$f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}$ (1)

k: spring constant = 20.0N/m

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you replace the values of m and k for getting f:

$f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{20.0N/m}{1.5kg}}=0.58s^{-1}=0.58Hz$

The frequency of the oscillation is 0.58Hz

(b) The maximum speed is given by the following relation:

$v_{max}=\omega A=2\pi f A$ (2)

A: amplitude of the oscillations = 10.0cm = 0.10m

$v_{max}=2\pi (0.58s^{-1})(0.10m)=0.364\frac{m}{s}$

The maximum speed of the mass is 0.364 m/s.

The maximum speed occurs when the mass passes trough the equilibrium point of the oscillation.

(c) The maximum acceleration is given by the following formula:

$a_{max}=\omega^2A=(2\pi f)^2 A$

$a_{max}=(2\pi (0.58s^{-1}))(0.10m)=1.32\frac{m}{s^2}$

The maximum acceleration is 1.32 m/s^2

The maximum acceleration occurs where the elastic force is a maximum, that is, where the mass is at the maximum distance from the equilibrium point, that is, the acceleration.

(d) The total energy of the system is calculated with the maximum potential elastic energy:

$E=\frac{1}{2}kA^2=\frac{1}{2}(20.0N/m)(0.10m)^2=0.1J$

The total energy is 0.1J

(e) The displacement as a function of time is:

$x(t)=Acos(\omega t)=Acos(2\pi ft)\\\\x(t)=0.1m\ cos(2\pi(0.58s^{-1})t)$

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