1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Korvikt [17]
3 years ago
10

Function of a simple pendulum​

Physics
1 answer:
Misha Larkins [42]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

A pendulum is a mechanical machine that creates a repeating, oscillating motion. A pendulum of fixed length and mass (neglecting loss mechanisms like friction and assuming only small angles of oscillation) has a single, constant frequency. This can be useful for a great many things.

From a historical point of view, pendulums became important for time measurement. Simply counting the oscillations of the pendulum, or attaching the pendulum to a clockwork can help you track time. Making the pendulum in such a way that it holds its shape and dimensions (in changing temperature etc.) and using mechanisms that counteract damping due to friction led to the creation of some of the first very accurate all-weather clocks.

Pendulums were/are also important for musicians, where mechanical metronomes are used to provide a notion of rhythm by clicking at a set frequency.

The Foucault pendulum demonstrated that the Earth is, indeed, spinning around its axis. It is a pendulum that is free to swing in any planar angle. The initial swing impacts an angular momentum in a given angle to the pendulum. Due to the conservation of angular momentum, even though the Earth is spinning underneath the pendulum during the day-night cycle, the pendulum will keep its original plane of oscillation. For us, observers on Earth, it will appear that the plane of oscillation of the pendulum slowly revolves during the day.

Apart from that, in physics a pendulum is one of the most, if not the most important physical system. The reason is this - a mathematical pendulum, when swung under small angles, can be reasonably well approximated by a harmonic oscillator. A harmonic oscillator is a physical system with a returning force present that scales linearly with the displacement. Or, in other words, it is a physical system that exhibits a parabolic potential energy.

A physical system will always try to minimize its potential energy (you can accept this as a definition, or think about it and arrive at the same conclusion). So, in the low-energy world around us, nearly everything is very close to the local minimum of the potential energy. Given any shape of the potential energy ‘landscape’, close to the minima we can use Taylor expansion to approximate the real potential energy by a sum of polynomial functions or powers of the displacement. The 0th power of anything is a constant and due to the free choice of zero point energy it doesn’t affect the physical evolution of the system. The 1st power term is, near the minimum, zero from definition. Imagine a marble in a bowl. It doesn’t matter if the bowl is on the ground or on the table, or even on top of a building (0th term of the Taylor expansion is irrelevant). The 1st order term corresponds to a slanted plane. The bottom of the bowl is symmetric, though. If you could find a slanted plane at the bottom of the bowl that would approximate the shape of the bowl well, then simply moving in the direction of the slanted plane down would lead you even deeper, which would mean that the true bottom of the bowl is in that direction, which is a contradiction since we started at the bottom of the bowl already. In other words, in the vicinity of the minimum we can set the linear, 1st order term to be equal to zero. The next term in the expansion is the 2nd order or harmonic term, a quadratic polynomial. This is the harmonic potential. Every higher term will be smaller than this quadratic term, since we are very close to the minimum and thus the displacement is a small number and taking increasingly higher powers of a small number leads to an even smaller number.

This means that most of the physical phenomena around us can be, reasonable well, described by using the same approach as is needed to describe a pendulum! And if this is not enough, we simply need to look at the next term in the expansion of the potential of a pendulum and use that! That’s why each and every physics students solves dozens of variations of pendulums, oscillators, oscillating circuits, vibrating strings, quantum harmonic oscillators, etc.; and why most of undergraduate physics revolves in one way or another around pendulums.

Explanation:

You might be interested in
A girl is shown at position A on a swing when the seat is directly below the support bar. The seat is then at height A as shown
MrRa [10]

Answer:

<u></u>

  • <u>1. The potential energy of the swing is the greatest at the position B.</u>

  • <u>2. As the swing moves from point B to point A, the kinetic energy is increasing.</u>

Explanation:

Even though the syntax of the text is not completely clear, likely because it accompanies a drawing that is not included, it results clear that the posittion A is where the seat is at the lowest position, and the position B is upper.

The gravitational <em>potential energy </em>is directly proportional to the height of the objects with respect to some reference altitude. Thus, when the seat is at the position A the swing has the smallest potential energy and when the seat is at the <em>position B the swing has the greatest potential energy.</em>

Regarding the forms of energy, as the swing moves from point B to point A, it is going downward, gaining kinetic energy (speed) at the expense of the potential energy (losing altitude). When the seat passes by the position A, the kinetic energy is maximum and the potential energy is miminum. Then the seat starts to gain altitude again, losing the kinetic energy and gaining potential energy, up to it gets to the other end,

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which is a complete sentence?
8_murik_8 [283]

It takes a noun and a verb to make a complete sentence.
There isn't a single verb in  a),  b), or  c).
"Affords" is the verb (predicate) in d)., the only complete sentence.
 
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
I run around a circular track, with radius 25m, for 4 and times before stopping. It takes me 16
Sergio039 [100]

Answer:

13m/s. is the answer probably but do u have ms gallup too?

4 0
3 years ago
Glucose can have a straight chain of ______________ atoms or, more commonly, form a _____________ structure.
vovikov84 [41]
Lipids and <span>Polysaccharides r the answers hoped i helped</span>
6 0
3 years ago
Why is the light bulb not a closed system?
Nana76 [90]

Answer:An incandescent light bulb gives only energy of the system in the form of heat. ... The roof of a house is stable but it receives energy from the surroundings and transfers energy through it towards lower temperature side which includes no mass transfer. So, it is best considered as closed system.

Explanation:

4 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • Suppose that the process were repeated, except that in step 3 a neutral acrylic rod instead of a finger is used to touch the ele
    11·1 answer
  • Jacob's family celebrates with him as he jumps with both feet together. Jacob is likely (2 points)
    6·2 answers
  • A balloon is filled to a volume of 7.00*10^2 mL at a temperature of 20.0°C. The balloon is then cooled at constant pressure to a
    6·1 answer
  • You have a string with a mass of 0.0123 kg.0.0123 kg. You stretch the string with a force of 8.37 N,8.37 N, giving it a length o
    8·1 answer
  • A rocket, initially at rest on the ground, accelerates straight upward from rest with constant acceleration 58.8m/s2 . The accel
    9·1 answer
  • Light is an electromagnetic wave and travels at the speed of 3.00 x 10^8 m/s
    6·1 answer
  • Asap pls hurry will mark brainiest
    11·1 answer
  • When a high voltage is applied to a low-pressure gas causing it to glow, it will generate which type of spectrum
    15·1 answer
  • Which is a device that stores electric charge by separating positive and negative charges?
    13·1 answer
  • With speeds up to 90 miles per hour, what is the fastest sport on ice?.
    11·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!