Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The electric filed is
Generally according to Gauss law
=> 
Given that the electric field is pointing downward , the equation become

Here
is the excess charge on the surface of the earth
is the surface area of the of the earth which is mathematically represented as

Where r is the radius of the earth which has a value 
substituting values


So

Here
s the permitivity of free space with value

substituting values


The answer is 2 because a and b are slowing it down by condensing it and then freezing it so its not one, b and c are opposites because b slows it down whereas c speeds it up so its not 3, and number 4 is the same explanation for number 3
hope you pass :)
Answer:
Invisible UV energy reacts with emulsion sensitizer and hardens the stencil so it won't dissolve with water and rinse down the drain
Explanation:
The subordinate clause is "<span>who are loyal and industrious" and is used as an adjective to describe students.</span>