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Answer:The product formed on reaction with hydroxide ion as nucleophile is 2R-hexane-2-ol.
The product formed on reaction with water would be a 50:50 mixture of
2S-hexane-2-ol. and 2R-hexane-2-ol.
Explanation:
2S-iodohexane on reactiong with hydroxide ion would undergo SN² substitution reaction that is substitution bimolecular. Hydroxide ion has a negative charge and hence it is a quite good nucleophile .
The rate of a SN² reaction depends on both the substrate and nucleophile . Here the substrate is a secondary carbon center having Iodine as a leaving group.SN² reaction takes place here as hydroxide ion is a good nucleophile and it can attack the secondary carbon center from the back side leading to the formation of 2R-hexane-2-ol.
In a SN² reaction since the the nucleophile attacks from the back-side so the product formation takes place with the inversion of configuration.
When the same substrate S-2-iodohexane undergoes a substitution reaction with water as a nucleophile then the reaction occurs through (SN¹) substitution nucleophilic unimolecular mechanism .
The rate of a SN¹ reaction depends only on the nature of substrate and is independent of the nature of nucleophile.
The SN¹ reaction is a 2 step reaction , in the first step leaving group leaves leading to the formation of a carbocation and once the carbocation is formed then any weaker nucleophile or even solvent molecules can attack leading the formation of products.
In this case a secondary carbocation would be generated in the first step and then water will attack this carbocation to form the product in the second step.
The product formed on using water as a nucleophile would be a racemic mixture of R and S isomers of hexane -2-ol in 50:50 ratio. The two products formed would be 2R-hexane-2-ol and 2S-hexane-2-ol.
Kindly refer the attachment for reaction mechanism and structure of products.
The molecular formula for the compound is
<u>Explanation</u>:
As with all of these problems, we assume 100 g of an unknown compound.
And thus, we determine the elemental composition by the given percentages.
Moles of carbon = 85.64 / 12.011
= 7.13 mol.
Moles of hydrogen = 14.36 / 1.00794
= 14.25 mol.
There are 2 moles of hydrogen per mole of carbon. And thus the empirical formula is CH.
And molecular formula = n × (empirical formula)
Thus, 42.08 = n × (12.011 + 2 × 1.00794)
And thus n = 3, and molecular formula =
Answer:
Explanation:
In this problem,
we will determine the enthalpy at the end of heat input and we get the condition is the super heated state.
so the entropy change will be due to latent heat at 150 kPa and also due to temperature change at the super heated state.
All the temperature, enthalpy is evaluated with the help of the steam table.
mass is calculated with the help of a specific volume at initial condition.
<u>see image below</u>
