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lbvjy [14]
3 years ago
7

(1) Some years ago, a crucial experimental error was made during the work-up of the reaction. Instead of adding the reaction mix

ture to the cold acid solution, the inverse addition was carried out. What do you think happened when the acid solution was added to the reaction mixture
Chemistry
1 answer:
bonufazy [111]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Salts will be formed and the pH of the new mixture will fall.

Explanation:

What should be: The reaction mixture should be added to the cold acid solution.

The error: Cold acid solution was added to the reaction mixture.

What happens with this?

The neutralization of a solution creates salts. The combination of positive and negative ions in the reaction also forms water. Assuming the pH of the reaction mixture was neutral before the addition of the acid, after the addition of the acid solution the pH will drop. Recall that a neutral solution has a pH of 7. So the pH of this new solution will drop to less than 7 because of the addition of an acid.

If the required procedure for the chemical process was followed, the reaction mixture added to the cold acid would have resulted in a stronger base solution. In other words, the pH of the new solution would be higher.

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A chemist must prepare 300.0mL of nitric acid solution with a pH of 0.70 at 25°C. He will do this in three steps: Fill a 300.0mL
d1i1m1o1n [39]

<u>Answer:</u> The volume of concentrated solution required is 9.95 mL

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the pH of the solution, we use the equation:

pH=-\log[H^+]

We are given:

pH = 0.70

Putting values in above equation, we get:

0.70=-\log[H^+]

[H^+]=10^{-0.70}=0.199M

1 mole of nitric acid produces 1 mole of hydrogen ions and 1 mole of nitrate ions.

Molarity of nitric acid = 0.199 M

To calculate the volume of the concentrated solution, we use the equation:

M_1V_1=M_2V_2

where,

M_1\text{ and }V_1 are the molarity and volume of the concentrated nitric acid solution

M_2\text{ and }V_2 are the molarity and volume of diluted nitric acid solution

We are given:

M_1=7.0M\\V_1=?mL\\M_2=0.199M\\V_2=350mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

7.0\times V_1=0.199\times 350.0\\\\V_1=\frac{0.199\times 350}{7.0}=9.95mL

Hence, the volume of concentrated solution required is 9.95 mL

6 0
2 years ago
Scientists have measured and recorded the average rainfall of an area over several years to see if there is a pattern. Which kin
tia_tia [17]
The correct answer is d
8 0
3 years ago
*URGENT*
DaniilM [7]

Answer:

d hope this helps u hhwjs GD jehehj

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
g A gas is compressed in a cylinder from a volume of 20.0 L to 2.0 L by a constant pressure of 10.0 atm. Calculate the amount of
Lemur [1.5K]

Answer:

The amount of work done on the system is 18234 J and the final positive sign means that this work corresponds to an increase in internal energy of the gas.

Explanation:

Thermodynamic work is called the transfer of energy between the system and the environment by methods that do not depend on the difference in temperatures between the two. When a system is compressed or expanded, a thermodynamic work is produced which is called pressure-volume work (p - v).

The pressure-volume work done by a system that compresses or expands at constant pressure is given by the expression:

W system= -p*∆V

Where:

  • W system: Work exchanged by the system with the environment. Its unit of measure in the International System is the joule (J)
  • p: Pressure. Its unit of measurement in the International System is the pascal (Pa)
  • ∆V: Volume variation (∆V = Vf - Vi). Its unit of measurement in the International System is cubic meter (m³)

In this case:

  • p= 10 atm= 1.013*10⁶ Pa (being 1 atm= 101325 Pa)
  • ΔV= 2 L- 20 L= -18 L= -0.018 m³ (being 1 L=0.001 m³)

Replacing:

W system= -1.013*10⁶ Pa* (-0.018 m³)

Solving:

W system= 18234 J

<u><em>The amount of work done on the system is 18234 J and the final positive sign means that this work corresponds to an increase in internal energy of the gas.</em></u>

5 0
2 years ago
HELP PLEASE!! (100 points)
MrRa [10]

Answer:

As you cool a matter to absolute zero, their kinetic energy reduces significantly and the molecules slows down and begins to aggregate together. ... As heat is added, the molecules gain more kinetic energy. This shown in their increase motion. When heat is withdrawn, the particles slows down hope this helped

3 0
2 years ago
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