Question

Water in its solid state has a specific heat of 2.093 J/g°C. Water in its liquid state has a specific heat of 4.186 J/g°C. Which statement best relates the difference in specific heats?
More hydrogen bonds must be broken between water molecules in the liquid state than in the solid state for a given increase in temperature.
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are stronger in the liquid state than in the solid state.
For a given amount of energy, the temperature of solid water changes less than an equal mass of liquid water.
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are more cohesive in the liquid state than in the solid state.

Answer 1

Answer: D

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer:

D: The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are more cohesive in the liquid state than in the solid state.

Explanation:

If we assume that there is no phase change due to heating, we know that the temperature change will be proportional to the mass heated, being the proportionality constant that is a quantity which depends on the material, and also represents the resistance of the material to cause a change in the temperature and is called specific heat.

Now, if we are to assume that the mass is the same for the three phases, and that the amount of heat supplied is also the same, the phase with the highest specific heat will therefore possess the lowest temperature change.

At a lower temperature, the hydrogen bonds will be more cohesive than at higher temperatures.

We are told that in it's solid state, it has a specific heat capacity of 2.093 J/g°C while in its liquid state, it has a specific heat capacity of 4.186 J/g°C.

Thus, the hydrogen bonds between water molecules in the liquid state will be less cohesive than in its solid state.