Answer:
11.8.4 Distillation Columns
Distillation columns present a hazard in that they contain large inventories of flammable boiling liquid, usually under pressure. There are a number of situations which may lead to loss of containment of this liquid.
The conditions of operation of the equipment associated with the distillation column, particularly the reboiler and bottoms pump, are severe, so that failure is more probable.
The reduction of hazard in distillation columns by the limitation of inventory has been discussed above. A distillation column has a large input of heat at the reboiler and a large output at the condenser. If cooling at the condenser is lost, the column may suffer overpressure. It is necessary to protect against this by higher pressure design, relief valves, or HIPS. On the other hand, loss of steam at the reboiler can cause underpressure in the column. On columns operating at or near atmospheric pressure, full vacuum design, vacuum breakers, or inert gas injection is needed for protection. Deposition of flammable materials on packing surfaces has led to many fires on opening of distillation column for maintenance.
Another hazard is overpressure due to heat radiation from fire. Again pressure relief devices are required to provide protection.
The protection of distillation columns is one of the topics treated in detail in codes for pressure relief such as APIRP 521. Likewise, it is one of the principal applications of trip systems.
Another quite different hazard in a distillation column is the ingress of water. The rapid expansion of the water as it flashes to steam can create very damaging overpressures.
Answer:
8.34
Explanation:
1) how much moles of NH₃ are in the reaction;
2) how much moles of H₂ are in the reaction;
3) the required mass of the H₂.
all the details are in the attachment; the answer is marked with red colour.
Note1: M(NH₃) - molar mass of the NH₃, constant; M(H₂) - the molar mass of the H₂, constant; ν(NH₃) - quantity of NH₃; ν(H₂) - quantity of H₂.
Note2: the suggested solution is not the shortest one.
12 x 10^23 atoms, i hope this helps
Check the boxes next to events or trends that first
occurred in science from about 1700.
X Darwin published his theory of natural selection.
-Darwin published his work in 1859.
X Archimedes described the principle of the lever.
-Archimedes discovered this during the third century BC
(300-201 BC)
/ Scientific societies and academies were formed.
-These were formed around 1789
X The double-helix structure of DNA was determined.
<span> -IT was discovered
in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick.</span>
X Copernicus proposed a Sun-centered universe.
<span>-It was proposed in the 16th century.</span>
X Continental drift was explained by the theory of plate
tectonics.
<span> -It was proposed
at around 1910 till 1950 but was accepted at 1960. </span>
X The Earth was proven to be spherical.
-It was argued at around 384-322 BC.
