If you have a lump of solid at its melting point ... like ice at 32°F ...
you have to put a certain amount of heat into it just to change it
to water at 32°F. That amount of heat, that's used just to change
a solid lump into liquid without changing its temperature, is called
the heat of fusion for that substance.
The number is different for every substance.
For water, it takes 336 joules of heat to melt 1 gram of ice
into 1 gram of water, all at 32°F (0°C).
That's an enormous latent heat of fusion ... more than almost any
other known substance. That's why ice is such a good choice
when you need something to put in your drink to cool it down.
Ice absorbs a huge amount of heat before it melts and the drink
gets watered down.
Explanation :
Takumi wears sunscreen and a hat each time he works in the yard. This is to protect himself with the strong radiation coming from the sun. UV rays that are coming from the sun are the main cause of skin cancer.
Stochastic effects are the effects that are caused by chance. Cancer is one of the main stochastic effects.
So, the correct option is (b) "the severity of stochastic effects, such as cancer".
Answer:
Both the astronauts and photographer have the same displacement
Explanation:
Displacement is the minimum distance between two point. The initial point of both the astronauts and the photographer was Florida and the final point was California. So, the minimum distance for both of the astronauts and the photographer would be the distance between Florida and California would be the same.
Hence, both the astronauts and photographer will have the same displacement.
Answer:
the rate of flow = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s or 0.029 m³/s
Explanation:
Given:
Diameter of the pipe = 100mm = 0.1m
Contraction ratio = 0.5
thus, diameter at the throat of venturimeter = 0.5×0.1m = 0.05m
The formula for discharge through a venturimeter is given as:
Where,
is the coefficient of discharge = 0.97 (given)
A₁ = Area of the pipe
A₁ = 
A₂ = Area at the throat
A₂ = 
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8m/s²
Now,
The gauge pressure at throat = Absolute pressure - The atmospheric pressure
⇒The gauge pressure at throat = 2 - 10.3 = -8.3 m (Atmosphric pressure = 10.3 m of water)
Thus, the pressure difference at the throat and the pipe = 3- (-8.3) = 11.3m
Substituting the values in the discharge formula we get
or
or
Q = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s
Hence, the rate of flow = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s or 0.029 m³/s
