Each enzyme's active site is suitable for one specific type of substrate – just like a lock that has the right shape for only one specific key. Changing the shape of the active site of an enzyme will cause its reaction to slow down until the shape has changed so much that the substrate no longer fits.
Answer:
1.Metals
These are very hard except sodium
These are malleable and ductile pieces
These are shiny
Electropositive in nature
Non-metals
These are soft except diamond
These are brittle and can break down into pieces
These are non-lustrous except iodine
Electronegative in nature
2. The electrochemical series helps to pick out substances that are good oxidizing agents and those which are good reducing agents.In an electrochemical series the species which are placed above hydrogen are more difficult to be reduced and their standard reduction potential values are negative.
3. Arrhenius theory, theory, introduced in 1887 by the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius, that acids are substances that dissociate in water to yield electrically charged atoms or molecules, called ions, one of which is a hydrogen ion (H+), and that bases ionize in water to yield hydroxide ions (OH−).
4. The common application of indicators is the detection of end points of titrations. The colour of an indicator alters when the acidity or the oxidizing strength of the solution, or the concentration of a certain chemical species, reaches a critical range of values.
Answer : The pH of a saturated solution is, 12.33
Explanation : Given,
= 
First we have to calculate the solubility of
ion.
The balanced equilibrium reaction will be:

Let the solubility will be, 's'.
The concentration of
ion = s
The concentration of
ion = 2s
The expression for solubility constant for this reaction will be,
![K_{sp}=[Ca^{2+}][OH^-]^2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7Bsp%7D%3D%5BCa%5E%7B2%2B%7D%5D%5BOH%5E-%5D%5E2)
Let the solubility will be, 's'


Now put the value of
in this expression, we get the solubility.


The concentration of
ion = s = 
The concentration of
ion = 2s = 
First we have to calculate the pOH.
![pOH=-\log [OH^-]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pOH%3D-%5Clog%20%5BOH%5E-%5D)


Now we have to calculate the pH.

Therefore, the pH of a saturated solution is, 12.33
Answer:
Rate = k . [B]² . [C]
Explanation:
The dependence of the reaction rate on the concentration of the reactants is given by the reaction order of each one, as shown in the rate equation.
![Rate=k.[A]^{x} .[B]^{y} .[C]^{z}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Rate%3Dk.%5BA%5D%5E%7Bx%7D%20.%5BB%5D%5E%7By%7D%20.%5BC%5D%5E%7Bz%7D)
where,
k is the rate constant
x, y, z are the reaction orders.
- <em>The rate of reaction is not affected by changing the concentration of species A.</em> This means that the reaction order for A is x = 0 since when its concentration changes, the rate stays the same.
- <em>Leaving all other factors identical, doubling the concentration of species B increases the rate by a factor of 4.</em> This means that the reaction order for B is y = 2, so when the concentration is doubled, the new rate is 2² = 4 times the initial rate.
- The rate of the reaction is linearly dependent on the concentration of C. This means that the reaction order for C is z = 1, that is, a linear dependence.
All in all, the rate equation is:
Rate = k . [B]² . [C]