Heated mater rises and cold mater sinks
Answer:
1) SO₄
²⁻ : (+6)
H₂S : (-2)
Explanation:
a) <u>Sulfate reducers</u> are widespread in muds and other sediments, water-logged soils, etc., environments that contain SO₄ ²⁻ and become anoxic as a result of microbial decomposition.
Sulfate (SO₄ ²⁻), the most oxidized form of sulfur (+6), <u>is reduced</u> by these
sulfate-reducing bacteria. The end product of sulfate reduction is hydrogen sulfide, H₂S, (oxidation number -2) an important natural product that participates in many biogeochemical processes. The H₂S they generate is responsible for the pungent smell (like that of rotten eggs) often encountered near coastal ecosystems. When sulfate-reducing bacteria grow, the H₂S formed from SO₄ ²⁻ reduction combines with the ferrous iron to form black, insoluble ferrous sulfide, which is not toxic. This is important for the conservation of the environment.
b) The net ionic equation under acidic conditions is:
4 H₂ + SO₄²⁻ + H⁺ → HS⁻ + 4 H₂O
Global reaction: SO₄²⁻ + 2H⁺ → H₂S + O₂
Answer:
Modern whales evolved by natural selection over long time periods through descent from common ancestors
Explanation:
According to the evolutionary theory proposed by Darwin, natural selection is a biological process by which organisms adapt and change in response to their environment. In this case, ancient whales that were better suited to environmental conditions survived and produced more offspring than non-adapted individuals. In consequence, predominant adaptive traits observed in modern whales were favored by natural selection in the past, while unsuccessful phenotypes progressively disappeared.
boyles law states that the volumes of a gas will decrease as pressure increases if the temperature remains constant.
charles law states that the volume of a gas will increase as temp increases if the pressure remains constant.
gay-lussacs law states that the pressure increases as temp increases if the volume remains constant.
Cl2(g) -------> Cl-(aq) + ClO-(aq)
2e- + Cl2(g) -------> 2Cl-(aq) [reduction]
4OH-(aq) + Cl2(g) -----------> 2ClO-(aq) + 2H2O(l) + 2e- [oxidation]
______________________________________...
2OH-(aq) + Cl2(g) --------> Cl-(aq) + ClO-(aq) + H2O(l)
