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s344n2d4d5 [400]
2 years ago
14

What are 2 reasons molecules cannot pass easily through the cell membrane? What part of the cell membrane helps them get through

?
Chemistry
1 answer:
tatuchka [14]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The cell membrane's main trait is its selective permeability, which means that it allows some substances to cross it easily, but not others. Small molecules that are nonpolar (have no charge) can cross the membrane easily through diffusion, but ions (charged molecules) and larger molecules typically cannot. A concentration gradient is a just a region of space over which the concentration of a substance changes, and substances will naturally move down their gradients, from an area of higher to an area of lower concentration.

In cells, some molecules can move down their concentration gradients by crossing the lipid portion of the membrane directly, while others must pass through membrane proteins in a process called facilitated diffusion.

Explanation:

there are your two reasons molecules cannot pass easily through the cell membrane and what part of the cell membrane helps them get through is concentration gradient

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If NO₂ molecule written is for Nitrogen dioxide, then, four of the five molecules presented above have no dipole moment and only one of the five molecules, Ozone (0₃), has a dipole moment.

But if the NO₂ molecule is for nitrite ion, NO₂⁻, then three out of the five molecules presented have no dipole moment and only the Nitrite ion, NO₂⁻, and Ozone, 0₃, have dipole moments.

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3) Sulfur hexafluoride, SF₆ - no dipole moment.

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4) Ozone, O₃ - has a dipole moment.

O₃ is polar because there are 18 valence electrons, so the lewis structure would position the central O connected to one single bond and one double bond to connect the other O's. The lone pair on the central O would also mean the molecule was bent, thus making it polar. Therefore, Ozone is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 0.53 D. The molecule can be represented as a resonance hybrid with two contributing structures, each with a single bond on one side and double bond on the other.

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PCl₅ has a symmetrical geometry, the vector sum of the dipole moments of the different P-Cl bonds cancel each other. Therefore, the overall dipole moment of PCl₅ becomes 0.

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