Covalent bonding occurs when electrons are shared between atoms. Double and triple covalent bonds occur when four or six electrons are shared between two atoms, and they are indicated in Lewis structures by drawing two or three lines connecting one atom to another.
Answer is: Ksp for silver sulfide is 8.00·10⁻⁴⁸.
Reaction
of dissociation: Ag₂S(s) → 2Ag⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq)<span>.
</span>s(Ag₂S) = s(S²⁻) = 1.26·10⁻¹⁶ M.
s(Ag⁺) = 2s(Ag₂S) = 2.52·10⁻¹⁶ M; equilibrium concentration of silver cations.
Ksp = s(Ag⁺)² · s(S²⁻).
Ksp = (2.52·10⁻¹⁶ M)² · 1.26·10⁻¹⁶ M.
Ksp = 6.35·10⁻³² M² · 1.26·10⁻¹⁶ M.
Ksp = 8.00·10⁻⁴⁸ M³.
They should identify the confounding variable.
Some condition that is not examined by the scientist might alter the experiment result. That condition is called confounding variable. If the method of the experiment same but result is very different, there should be unidentified confounding variable. It could be air humidity, temperature, ventilation, light, time of the year or anything that might not be seen by naked eye.
Try to redo the experiment with controlling variable as much as possible.
