<u>Answer:</u> The ratio of number of hydroxide ions to iodide ions is 2 : 1.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The chemical equation for the oxidation of iodide ion is oxidized to hypoiodite ion by permanganate follows:
According to mole concept:
1 mole of a substance contains number of particles
Moles of iodide ions = 1 mole
Number of iodide ions =
Moles of hydroxide ions = 2 mole
Number of hydroxide ions =
Taking the ratio of number of hydroxide ions and number of iodide ions are as follows:
Hence, the ratio of number of hydroxide ions to iodide ions is 2 : 1.
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Answer:
Buffers are resistant to high pH changes.
Explanation:
This perfectly explains the reason why we use buffers. Buffers are substances which consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base. Buffers are resistant to significant pH changes upon addition of strong acids or bases. To illustrate this, let's say we have a buffer consisting of 0.1 mol of HF, a weak acid, and 0.1 mol of NaF (fluoride is a conjugate base of HF).
- Let's say we add some strong acid, in a general form, this acid would be represented as . In this case, conjugate base will react and neutralize it to produce some amount of HF: .
- Similarly, if we add some strong base , the acidic component will react with it to produce some amount of conjugate base: . The ratio of HF to NaF in this case is held around the same value for addition of small amounts of strong acids/bases, so pH is kept almost constant, while in neutral water, pH would drastically increase or decrease.
Covalent bonds are formed when 2 neutral atoms come together to share a pair of electrons, where each atom contributes one electron each to be shared.
The covalent bond is kept together by the electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of the atoms and the shared pair of electrons.
Covalent bonds are usually formed between non metals with a small difference in their electro negativity.
the correct answer is
A. Neutral atoms coming together to share electrons