This means that we shouldn't imagine electrons as single objects going around the atom. Instead, all we know is the probability of finding an electron at a particular location. What we end up with is something called an electron cloud. An electron cloud is an area of space in which an electron is likely to be found. It's like a 3-D graph showing the probability of finding the electron at each location in space. Quantum mechanics also tells us that a particle has certain numbers (called quantum numbers) that represent its properties. Just like how materials can be hard or soft, shiny or dull, particles have numbers to describe the properties. These include a particle's orbital quantum numbers, magnetic quantum number, and its spin. No two electrons in an atom can have exactly the same quantum numbers. Orbital quantum numbers tell you what energy level the electron is in. In the Bohr model, this represents how high the orbit is above the nucleus; higher orbits have more energy. The first orbit is n=1, the second is n=2, and so on. The magnetic quantum number is just a number that represents which direction the electron is pointing. The other important quantum mechanical property, called spin, is related to the fact that electrons come in pairs. In each pair, one electron spins one way (with a spin of one half), and the other electron spins the other way (with a spin of negative one half). Two electrons with the same spin cannot exist as a pair. This might seem kind of random, but it has effects in terms of how magnetic material is. Materials that have unpaired electrons are more likely to be magnetic
Answer: gravity, circuits
Explanation:
in the same direction as the wave
Explanation:
In a compression wave, the particles in the medium moves in the same direction as the wave source.
A wave is generally defined as a disturbance that transmits energy.
- There are two types of waves based on the direction through which they are propagated.
- Transverse waves are directed perpendicularly in the direction of propagation.
- Examples are electromagnetic waves.
- Longitudinal waves are parallel to their source. Examples are sound waves, p-waves.
- They are made up of series of rarefaction and compression.
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Answer:
ΔL = 0.66 m
Explanation:
The change in length on an object due to rise in temperature is given by the following equation of linear thermal expansion:
ΔL = αLΔT
where,
ΔL = Change in Length of the bridge = ?
α = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion = 11 x 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹
L = Original Length of the Bridge = 1000 m
ΔT = Change in Temperature = Final Temperature - Initial Temperature
ΔT = 40°C - (-20°C) = 60°C
Therefore,
ΔL = (11 x 10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹)(1000 m)(60°C)
<u>ΔL = 0.66 m</u>
Magnitude of acceleration
Explanation:
We know that acceleration can increase depending in the force applied on an object, any object with a greater mass will apply a greater force. F = M(a).
