A ..............................
Answer:
(c) pH = -log [H^+]
Explanation:
pH defines the acidicity or basicity a solution.
pH also refers to hydrogen ion concentration and it is only applied to aqueous solution.
pH ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral and a pH less than 7 is acidic while a pH higher than basic.
D. They should try to reproduce Dr. Maxwell's research to verify his results
Explanation:
Formula to calculate hybridization is as follows.
Hybridization = ![\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5BV%2BN-C%2BA%5D)
where,
V = number of valence electrons present in central atom
N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom
C = charge of cation
A = charge of anion
So, hybridization of 
is as follows.
Hybridization = ![\frac{1}{2}[V + N - C + A]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5BV%20%2B%20N%20-%20C%20%2B%20A%5D)
= ![\frac{1}{2}[2 + 2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5B2%20%2B%202%5D)
= 2
Hybridization of is sp. Therefore, is a linear molecule. There will be only two electron groups through which Be is attached.
Similarly, hybridization of 
is calculated as follows.
Hybridization =
= ![\frac{1}{2}[8 + 2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5B8%20%2B%202%5D)
= 5
Therefore, hybridization of is ![sp^{3}d. Therefore, [tex]XeF_{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=sp%5E%7B3%7Dd.%20Therefore%2C%20%5Btex%5DXeF_%7B2%7D)
is also a linear molecule. Though there are three lone pair of electrons present on a xenon atom and it is further attached with fluorine atoms through two electron pairs. Hence, there are in total five electron groups.
Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options is the correct examples of linear molecules for five electron groups.
Technically, the answer is iron. Oxygen has a melting point way below zero (-219 degrees celsius), ice becomes water AT room temperature and bromine is already a liquid at room temperature. So, iron has a melting point greater than room temperature due to the fact that metals are made up of giant structures of atoms in a regular arrangement, and there are strong forces of electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and negative electrons, meaning that a lot of heat energy is required to break the bonds, i.e. a very high melting point, approx. 1500 degrees celsius. Hope this helps.
