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2 years ago

Which of the following are testable?

Chemistry

2 answers:

GREYUIT [131]2 years ago

4 0

Where’s the answers ?

jeyben [28]2 years ago

3 0

you forgot the well answers

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It is proposed to use Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) to fuel spark-ignition engines. A typical sample of the fuel on a volume basis

Norma-Jean [14]

Answer:

The overall balanced combustion reaction is written as :

$0.7C_3H_8 \ + \ 0.05C_4H_{10} \ + \ 0.25 C_3H_6 \ + \ x(O_2 \ + \ 3.76N_2) ---> 3.05CO_2 \ + \ 3.8H_2O \ + \ 18.612N_2$

$(F/A)_{stoichiometric} = 0.0424$

$(A/F)_{stoichiometric} = 23.562$

the higher heating values $(HHV)_f$ per unit mass of LPG = 49.9876 MJ/kg

the lower heating values $(LHV)_f$ per unit mass of LPG = 46.4933 MJ/kg

Explanation:

The stoichiometric equation can be expressed as :

$0.7C_3H_8 \ + \ 0.05C_4H_{10} \ + \ 0.25 C_3H_6 \ + \ x(O_2 \ + \ 3.76N_2) ---> aCO_2 \ + \ bH_2O \ + \ cN_2$

Now, equating the coefficient of carbon; we have:

(0.7×3)+(0.05×4)+(0.25×3) = a

a = 3.05

Also, Equating the coefficient of hydrogen : we have:

(0.7 × 8) +(0.05 × 10) + ( 0.25 × 6) = 2 b

2b = 7.6

b = 3.8

Equating the coefficient of oxygen

2x = 2a + b

$x = \frac{2a+b}{2} \\ \\ x = \frac{2(3.05)+3.8}{2} \\ \\ x = 4.95$

Equating the coefficient of Nitrogen

$c = 3.76x \\ \\ c = 3.76 *4.95 \\ \\ c = 18.612$

Therefore, The overall balanced combustion reaction can now be written as :

$0.7C_3H_8 \ + \ 0.05C_4H_{10} \ + \ 0.25 C_3H_6 \ + \ x(O_2 \ + \ 3.76N_2) ---> 3.05CO_2 \ + \ 3.8H_2O \ + \ 18.612N_2$

Now; To determine the stoichiometric F/A and A/F ratios; we have:

$(F/A)_{stoichiometric} = \frac{n_f}{n_a } \\ \\ (F/A)_{stoichiometric} = \frac{1}{4.95*(1+3.76)} \\ \\ (F/A)_{stoichiometric} = 0.0424$

$(A/F)_{stoichiometric} = \frac{n_a}{n_f } \\ \\ (A/F)_{stoichiometric} = \frac{4.95*(1+3.76)}{1} \\ \\ (A/F)_{stoichiometric} = 23.562$

What are the higher and lower heating values per unit mass of LPG?

Let calculate the molecular mass of the fuel in order to determine their mass fraction of the fuel components.

Molecular mass of the fuel $M_f = (0.7*M_{C_3H_5} ) + (0.05 *M_{C_4H_{10}}) + (0.25*M _{C_3H_6})$

= 30.8 + 2.9 + 10.5

= 44.2 kg/mol

Mass fraction of the fuel components can now be calculated as :

$m_{C_3H_8} = \frac{30.8}{44.2} \\ \\ m_{C_3H_8} = 0.7 \\ \\ \\ m_{C_4H_{10}} = \frac[2.9}{44.2} \\ \\ m_{C_4H_{10}} = 0.06 \\ \\ \\ m_{C_3H_6} = \frac{10.5}{44.2} \\ \\ m_{C_3H_6} = 0.24$

Finally; calculating the higher heating values $(HHV)_f$ per unit mass of LPG; we have:

$(HHV)_f=(0.7 * HHV_{C_3H_8}) + (0.06 *HHV_{C_4H_{10}})+(0.24*HHV_{C_3H_6} \\ \\ (HHV)_f=(0.7*50.38)+(0.06*49.56)+(0.24*48.95) \\ \\ (HHV)_f=49.9876 \ MJ/kg$

calculating the lower heating values $(LHV)_f$ per unit mass of LPG; we have:

$(LHV)_f = (HHV)_f - \delta H_w \\ \\ (LHV)_f = (HHV)_f - [\frac{m_w}{m_f}h_{vap}] \\ \\ (LHV)_f = 49.9876 \ MJ/kg - [\frac{3.8*18}{44.2}*2.258 \ MJ/kg] \\ \\ (LHV)_f = 46.4933 \ M/kg$

7 0

3 years ago

Clouds form because water vapor in the air...

DIA [1.3K]

The answer is C. condenses

6 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What coefficients are needed to balance the following equation?<br><br> H2O + Fe Fe2O3 + H2

earnstyle [38]

H2O+Fe⇒Fe2O3+H2

When it is balanced it would be:

3H2O+2Fe⇒Fe2O3+3H2

When balancing equations, you have to make sure that all elements are equal on each side.

8 0

2 years ago

chegg write a net ionic equation describing the oxidation of no2 2 to no3 2 by o2 in a basic solution.

Marina86 [1]

When the same species undergoes both oxidation and reduction in a single redox reaction, this is referred to as a disproportionation. Therefore, divide it into two equal reactions.

NO2→NO^−3

NO2→NO

and do the usual changes

First, balance the two half reactions:

3. NO2 +H2O →NO^−3 + 2 H^+ + e−

4. NO2 +2 H^+ + 2e− → NO + H2O

Now multiply one or both half-reactions to ensure that each has the same number of electrons. Here, Eqn (3) x 2 results in each half-reaction having two electrons:

5. 2 NO2 + 2 H2O → 2 NO^−3 + 4H^+ + 2e−

Now add Eqn 4 and 5 (the electrons now cancel each other):

3NO2 + 2H^+ + 2H2O → NO + 2 NO−3 + H2O + 4H+

and cancel terms that’s common to both sides:

3NO2 + H2O → NO + 2NO^−3 + 2H+

This is the net ionic equation describing the oxidation of NO2 to NO3 in basic solution.

Learn more about balancing equation here:

brainly.com/question/26227625

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7 0

1 year ago

What is the formula for tetrabromine decafluoride

Lyrx [107]

Answer:

$Br_{4}F_{10}$

The prefix "Tetra" implies 4 Bromine atoms. The prefix "Deca" implies 10 fluorine atoms.

4 0

3 years ago