Density is mass by volume
1 mL of nitric acid solution has a mass of 1.36 g
therefore 1000 mL has a mass of 1360 g
the molarity of solution is 2.48 mol/L
1 L of solution has 2.48 mol
the mass of 2.48 mol of HNO₃ is - 2.48 mol x 63 g/mol = 156.24 g
this means that 156.24 g of the solution consists of nitric acid
therefore percentage by mass - mass of nitric acid / total mass x 100%
concentration as percentage by mass = 156.24 g / 1360 g x 100%
percentage = 11.5%
Carbon has four valence electrons. Meaning, it has 4 electrons in it's last shell. These 4 electrons will form a covalent bond with other elements to get the full set of 8 electrons needed for it to be stable. That is why it's considered as tetravalent.
Answer:
The difference in the absorbance of the sample and reference is too small at A = 0.05.3. If the absorbance is too high (A = 2.5),
