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igomit [66]
2 years ago
11

HELP ME

Chemistry
1 answer:
krok68 [10]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

D group

................

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Briefly discuss the following statement:
svlad2 [7]

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The functional group is an atom, group of atoms or bond which is responsible for the chemical reactions of the members of a series of organic compounds.

The chemical properties of various groups of compounds in organic chemistry depends of the concept of functional groups. They help us to classify molecules into families or groups based on a common general molecular formula.

The nature of the functional group determines the overall chemical properties of the molecule such as polarity, water solubility, and so on. Chemical reactions occur only at the functional group.

For instance, for the reaction below, reaction occurs at the functional groups as follows;

CH3COOH + CH3OH -------> CH3COOCH3

Also, during amide formation, reaction occurs between the carbonyl chloride and an amine at the respective functional groups as shown;

CH3COCl + CH3NH2 -----> CH3CONHCH3 + HCl

7 0
3 years ago
Based on the ksp experiment describe a way to soften water by removing calcium ions
NeX [460]

Addition of sodium carbonate is a way to soften water by removing calcium ions

<h3>How calcium ions are removed?</h3>

Water can be softened by the addition of lime to precipitate the calcium as carbonate. Sodium carbonate is also added to remove the remaining calcium salts and to make the water soft.

So we can conclude that addition of lime or sodium carbonate is a way to soften water by removing calcium ions.

Learn more about calcium here: brainly.com/question/26636816

7 0
2 years ago
Fires in forests can sometimes be stopped by cutting down trees to make a gap (called a 'fire break'). Which part of the fire tr
Akimi4 [234]
It removes the fuel for the fire
8 0
3 years ago
Please help
dem82 [27]

Answer:Because binary ionic compounds are confined mainly to group 1 and group 2 elements on the one hand and group VI and VII elements on the other, we find that they consist mainly of ions having an electronic structure which is the same as that of a noble gas. In calcium fluoride, for example, the calcium atom has lost two electrons in order to achieve the electronic structure of argon, and thus has a charge of +2:By contrast, a fluorine atom needs to acquire but one electron in order to achieve a neon structure. The resulting fluoride ion has a charge of –1:The outermost shell of each of these ions has the electron configuration ns2np6, where n is 3 for Ca2+ and 2 for F–. Such an ns2np6 noble-gas electron configuration is encountered quite often. It is called an octet because it contains eight electrons. In a crystal of calcium fluoride, the Ca2+ and F– ions are packed together in the lattice shown below. Careful study of the diagram shows that each F– ion is surrounded by four Ca2+ ions, while each Ca2+ ion has eight F– ions as nearest neighbors.

Thus there must be twice as many F– ions as Ca2+ ions in the entire crystal lattice. Only a small portion of the lattice is shown, but if it were extended indefinitely in all directions, you could verify the ratio of two F– for every Ca2+. This ratio makes sense if you consider that two F– ions (each with a –1 charge) are needed to balance the +2 charge of each Ca2+ ion, making the net charge on the crystal zero. The formula for calcium fluoride is thus CaF2.Figure 6.10.1

6.10.

1

: A portion of the ionic crystal lattice of fluorite, calcium fluoride. (a) Ca2+ ions (color) and F– ions (gray) are shown full size. “Exploded” view shows that each F– surrounded by four Ca2+ ions, while each Ca2+ ion is surrounded by eight F– ions. The ratio of Ca2+ ions to F– ions is thus 4:8 or 1:2, and the formula is CaF2. (Computer-generated). (Copyright © 1976 by W. G. Davies and J. W. Moore.)

Newcomers to chemistry often have difficulty in deciding what the formula of an ionic compound will be. A convenient method for doing this is to regard the compound as being formed from its atoms and to use Lewis diagrams. The octet rule can then be applied. Each atom must lose or gain electrons in order to achieve an octet. Furthermore, all electrons lost by one kind of atom must be gained by the other.

An exception to the octet rule occurs in the case of the three ions having the He 1s2 structure, that is, H–, Li+ and Be2+. In these cases two rather than eight electrons are needed in the outermost shell to comply with the rule.

Example 6.10.1

6.10.

1

: Ionic Formula

Find the formula of the ionic compound formed from O and Al.

Solution

We first write down Lewis diagrams for each atom involved:

alt

We now see that each O atom needs 2 electrons to make up an octet, while each Al atom has 3 electrons to donate. In order that the same number of electrons would be donated as accepted, we need 2 Al atoms (2 × 3e– donated) and 3 O atoms (3 × 2e– accepted). The whole process is then

alt

The resultant oxide consists of aluminum ions, Al3+, and oxide ions, O2–, in the ratio of 2:3. The formula is Al2O3.Figure 6.10.1

6.10.

1

: A portion of the ionic crystal lattice of fluorite, calcium fluoride. (a) Ca2+ ions (color) and F– ions (gray) are shown full size. “Exploded” view shows that each F– surrounded by four Ca2+ ions, while each Ca2+ ion is surrounded by eight F– ions. The ratio of Ca2+ ions to F– ions is thus 4:8 or 1:2, and the formula is CaF2. (Computer-generated). (Copyright © 1976 by W. G. Davies and J. W. Moore.)

Newcomers to chemistry often have difficulty in deciding what the formula of an ionic compound will be. A convenient method for doing this is to regard the compound as being formed from its atoms and to use Lewis diagrams. The octet rule can then be applied. Each atom must lose or gain electrons in order to achieve an octet. Furthermore, all electrons lost by one kind of atom must be gained by the other.

An exception to the octet rule occurs in the case of the three ions having the He 1s2 structure, that is, H–, Li+ and Be2+. In these cases two rather than eight electrons are needed in the outermost shell to comply with the rule.

Example 6.10.1

6.10.

1

: Ionic Formula

Find the formula of the ionic compound formed from O and Al.

Solution

We first write down Lewis diagrams for each atom involved:

alt

We now see that each O atom needs 2 electrons to make up an octet, while each Al atom has 3 electrons to donate. In order that the same number of electrons would be donated as accepted, we need 2 Al atoms (2 × 3e– donated) and 3 O atoms (3 × 2e– accepted). The whole process is then

alt

The resultant oxide consists of aluminum ions, Al3+, and oxide ions, O2–, in the ratio of 2:3. The formula is Al2O3.

Explanation:

3 0
2 years ago
What is another name for a homogeneous mixture
nasty-shy [4]
The term "solution" is more frequently used when a homogeneous mixture<span> is a liquid, although it is sometimes used if the </span>homogeneous mixture<span> is a gas.</span>
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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