Answer:
Not too far removed from Collingwood’s concern with the elimination of physical and moral force via social civilization are accounts of civilized society concerned with the management of violence, if only by removing it from the public sphere. Such a concern is extended in Zygmunt Bauman’s account of civilization to the more general issue of producing readily governable subjects. The “concept of civilization,” he argues, “entered learned discourse in the West as the name of a conscious proselytising crusade waged by men of knowledge and aimed at extirpating the vestiges of wild cultures” (1987, 93).
This proselytizing crusade in the name of civilization is worth considering further. Its rationale is not too difficult to determine when one considers Starobinski’s (1993, 31) assertion: “Taken as a value, civilization constitutes a political and moral norm. It is the criterion against which barbarity, or non-civilization, is judged and condemned.” A similar sort of argument is made by Pagden (1988, 33), who states that civilization “describes a state, social, political, cultural, aesthetic—even moral and physical—which is held to be the optimum condition for all mankind, and this involves the implicit claim that only the civilized can know what it is to be civilized.” It is out of this implicit claim and the judgments passed in its name that the notion of the “burden of civilization” was born. And this, many have argued, is one of the less desirable aspects and outcomes of the idea of civilization
Answer:
1)f
thats all i know sorry ;-;
The friction force f = 10000 N
The heat transfer Q = 1.7936 KJ
<u>Explanation:</u>
Given data:
Surface area of Piston = 1 
Volume of saturated water vapor = 100 K Pa
Steam volume = 0.05 
Using the table of steam at 100 K pa
Steam density = 0.590 Kg/
Specific heat 
= 2.0267 KJ/Kg K
Mass of vapor = S × V
m = 0.590 × 0.05
m = 0.0295 Kg
Solution:
a) The friction force is calculated
Friction force = In the given situation, the force need to stuck the piston.
= pressure inside the cylinder × piston area
= 100 × 
× 0.1
f = 10000 N
b) To calculate heat transfer.
Heat transfer = Heat needs drop temperatures 30°C.
Q = 0.0295 × 2.0267 × × 30
Q = 1.7936 KJ
