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3 years ago

PLS HELP DUE IN ONE HOUR The atomic size of atoms increases as you move from top to bottom within a group of

Chemistry

1 answer:

weqwewe [10]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Within a group trend

Explanation:

The atomic radius of atoms generally increases from top to bottom within a group trend. As the atomic number increases down a group, there is again an increase in the positive nuclear charge. As the atomic number increases within a period, the atomic radius decreases.

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For which of the following molecules or ions does the following description apply? "The bonding can be explained using a set of

Marina86 [1]

Answer:

O₃

Explanation:

Consider the molecule CO₂. The carbon is sp hybridized. Carbon has 4 valence electrons and oxygen contributes 2 electrons, 1 for each C=O which indicates that there are 8 electrons around the carbon. Since there are 4 bonds all of them are bond pairs. Each C=O double bond uses 2 bond pairs which are considered as single unit. These two double bond units try to get as far apart as possible making the molecule adopt a linear geometry.

Considering the H₂S molecule both oxygen and sulfur are the in the same group, which means both have a valence of 6. The four valence orbitals of sulfur, one 1 s orbital and three 3p orbitals mix together and forms four sp³ hybridized orbitals. Of the four hybridized orbitals, two overlaps with the 1s orbital of hydrogen forming 2 (S - H) bonds while the other two sp³ orbitals remain on sulfur which has lone pair of electrons. Because of the presence of lone pair, the angle between H-S-H bond is slightly less than the ideal tetrahedral bond angle. Thus, H2S having 2 bonding electron pair and 2 lone pairs has a bent shape.

Considering O₃ and according to the VSEPR theory ozone molecule must have a trigonal – planar geometry. It has a total of 18 valence electrons. From the resonance structure given below it is clear the 4 pairs of electrons exit as bonding pair, sp² or σ- bond and the remaining 10 electrons exit as lone pair. Of the three un- hybridized p orbitals one is anti – bonding and remains empty. In ozone the π bond is distributed between the two bonds, and each receives half a π bond. For this molecule the electron pair geometry is trigonal planar but the molecular geometry is bent. The presence of lone pair exerts slight repulsion on the bonding oxygen atoms and a slight compression of the bond angle greater than 120°.

In carbonate ion, <u>the carbon is sp² hybridized</u>. The carbon has 4 valence electrons and there are four bonds to the oxygen which add another 4 making a total of 8. There are 4 pairs of bonding electrons and no lone pair. Of the 4 bond pairs, 2 pairs are used in forming double bond C=O and 2 bond pairs in forming the two C-O single bonds., Thus CO₃²⁻ adopts a trigonal planar geometry.

Of the two molecules only ozone and carbonate ion, have sp2 hybridized central atoms. In ozone the central atoms have lone pair of electrons the hybridization around is sp². Hence the correct option is O₃

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

1. Huntington’s disease is a dominant allele (not sex linked) that usually does not manifest itself until after age thirty- five

masya89 [10]

Answer:

a the mother is heterozygous so Aa

b would be aa

c. 50% as she could either get the dominant allele from her mother or not it is a coin flip

Explanation:for c the best way to do that one is to draw a punnitt square

4 0

2 years ago

Which letter shows the most direct sunlight?

timama [110]

Answer:c

Explanation:because the light is hitting the Earth straight on without a slant or without all the light, it is the most direct

6 0

3 years ago

Consider the following reaction at constant pressure. Use the information provided below to determine the value of ΔS at 473 K.

Elis [28]

Answer:

The reaction will be spontaneous

Explanation:

To determine if the reaction will be spontaneous or not at this temperature, we need to calculate the Gibbs's energy using the following formula:

$\Delta G= \Delta H - T * \Delta S$

<u>If the Gibbs's energy is negative, the reaction will be spontaneous, but if it's positive it will not.</u>

Calculating the $\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$ :

$\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$

Now, other factor we need to determine is the sign of the S variation. When talking about gases, the more moles you have in your system the more enthropic it is.

In this reaction you go from 7 moles to 8 moles of gas, so you can say that you are going from one enthropy to another higher than the first one. This results in: $\Delta S>0[/tex}Back to this expression: [tex]\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S$

If the variation of S is positive, the Gibbs's energy will be negative always and the reaction will be spontaneous.

4 0

3 years ago

Which of the changes gas to solid gas to liquid, liquid to solid liquid to gas,solid to liquid solid to gas will involve an outp

Verdich [7]

Answer:

Liquid to solid liquid to gas

Explanation:

Boiling a liquid result in a gas

7 0

2 years ago