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Nastasia [14]
2 years ago
15

An ionic bond forms when atoms blank electrons

Chemistry
1 answer:
8_murik_8 [283]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

An ionic bond forms when atoms transfer electrons.

Explanation:

Ionic bonds are formed when atoms transfer electrons. (In contrast, covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.)

There's a distinction between the two: when two atoms react to form an ionic bond, one atom would completely lose one electron, while the other would completely gain that electron. The atom that loses the electron becomes a positively-charged ion called a cation, whereas the atom that gains the electron becomes a negatively-charged ion called an anion.

For example, consider the reaction between a sodium \rm Na atom and a chlorine \rm Cl atom: \rm Na + Cl \to NaCl.

When the sodium atom and the chlorine atom encounter, the sodium atom would lose one electron to form a positively-charged sodium ion, \rm Na^{+}. The chlorine atom would gain that electron to form a negatively-charged chlorine ion \rm Cl^{-}.

These two ions will readily attract each other because of the opposite electrostatic charges on them. This electrostatic attraction (between two ions of opposite charges) is an ionic bond.

Overall, it would appear as if the sodium \rm Na atom transferred an electron to the chlorine \rm Cl atom to form an ionic bond.

In contrast, when two atoms react to form a covalent bond, they share electrons without giving any away completely. Therefore, it is possible to break certain covalent bonds apart (using a beam of laser, for example) and obtain neutral atoms.

On the other hand, when an ionic bond was broken, the result would be two charged ions- not necessarily two neutral atoms. The electron transfer could not be reversed by simply breaking the bond.

For example, when table salt \rm NaCl is melted (at a very high temperature,) the ionic bond between the sodium ions and chloride ions would (mostly) be broken. However, doing so would only generate a mixture of \rm Na^{+} and \rm Cl^{-} ions- not sodium and chlorine atoms.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

Given.

Charge = Q = 9.40 nC

Distance = d = 9.00 cm = 0.09m

Amount of work = 7.10×10⁻⁵ J

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a. What work was done by the electric force?

This is calculated by; change in Kinetic Energy i.e. ∆KE

∆KE = ∆K2 - ∆Kæ

Where K2 = 4.25×10⁻⁵ J

The body is released at rest, so the initial velocity is 0.

So, K1 = 0

Also, total work done = W1 + W2

Where W2 = 7.10×10⁻⁵J

So, W1 + W2 = W = K2

W1 + 7.10×10⁻⁵ = 4.25×10⁻⁵

W1 = 4.25×10⁻⁵ - 7.10×10⁻⁵

W = -2.85 * ×10⁻⁵ J

Work done by the electric force = -2.85 * ×10⁻⁵ J

b. What is the potential of the starting point with respect to the end point?

The change in potential energy is given as

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W = Q|V2 - V1| where V1 = 0 because the body starts from rest

So, W = QV2

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V2 = W/Q

V2 = -2.85 * ×10⁻⁵ J / 9.40 nC

V2 = -2.85 * ×10⁻⁵ J / 9.40 * 10^-9C

V2 = −3031.9148936170212765957V

V2 = -3.03 * 10³ V

The potential of the starting point with respect to the end point = -3.03 * 10³ V

c. What is the magnitude of the electric field?

The magnitude of the electric field is calculated as follows;

W = -Fd = -QEd

And E = V/d

E = -3.03 * 10³ V / 0.09 m

E = −33687.943262411347517730 V/m

E = -33.7kV/m

The magnitude of the electric field is 33.7kV/m

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