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kupik [55]
3 years ago
12

4. Determine the size of the contact patch, relative displacement and the maximum contact pressure for a 20-mm-dia steel ball ro

lled against a flat aluminum plate with 1 kN force. Take Esteel = 200 GPa, νsteel = 0.3, EAl = 70 GPa and νAl = 1/3.
Engineering
1 answer:
wel3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

0.0806 mm

735.588 MPa

Explanation:

Given data:

Esteel = 200 GPa

vsteel = 0.3,

EAI = 70 GPa,  vAI = 1/3

diameter of steel ball = 20-mm

Applied force = 1 kN force

density of steel ( ρ ) = 8050 kg/m^3

weight of steel =  ρvg = 0.33 N

<u>Calculate the size of </u>

<u><em>i) contact patch</em></u>

size of contact patch  = \sqrt[3]{\frac{3FR}{4E} } ----------- ( 1 )

where: F = 1000 + 0.33 = 1000.33 N , r = 0.01 m,

E = 57.26 * 10^9 ( calculated value )  

Input values into equation 1

size of contact patch ( a ) = 0.0806 mm

<u><em>ii) maximum contact pressure </em></u>

P = 3F / 2πa^2

  = ( 3 * 1000.33 ) / 2π(0.0806)^2

  = 735.588 MPa

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netineya [11]

Answer:

a)Ek=115759.26J

b)23.15kW

Explanation:

kinetic energy(Ek) is understood as that energy that has a body with mass when it travels with a certain speed, it is calculated by the following equation

Ek=0.5mv^{2}

for the first part

m=1200Kg

V=50km/h=13.89m/s

solving for Ek

Ek=0.5(1200)(13.89)^2

Ek=115759.26J

For the second part of the problem we calculate the kinetic energy, using the same formula, then in order to find the energy change we find the difference between the two, finally divide over time (15s) to find the power.

m=1200kg

V=100km/h=27.78m/s

Ek=0.5(1200)(27.78)^2=462963J\\

taking into account all of the above the following equation is inferred

ΔE=\frac{Ek2-EK1}{T}=\frac{462963-115759.26}{15}  =23146.916W=23.15kW

3 0
3 years ago
Two vertical, parallel clean glass plates are spaced a distance of 2mm apart. if the plates are placed in water, how high will t
Ulleksa [173]

Answer with Explanation:

The capillary rise in 2 parallel plates immersed in a liquid is given by the formula

h=\frac{2\sigma cos(\alpha )}{\rho gd}

where

\sigma is the surface tension of the liquid

\alpha is the contact angle of the liquid

\rho is density of liquid

'g' is acceleratioj due to gravity

'd' is seperation between thje plates

Part a) When the liquid is water:

For water and glass we have

\sigma =7.28\times 10^{-2}N/m

\alpha =0

\rho _{w}=1000kg/m^3

Applying the values we get

h=\frac{2\times 7.28\times 10^{-2}cos(0)}{1000\times 9.81\times 2\times 10^{-3}}=7.39mm

Part b) When the liquid is mercury:

For mercury and glass we have

\sigma =485.5\times 10^{-3}N/m

\alpha =138^o

\rho _{w}=13.6\times 10^{3}kg/m^3

Applying the values we get

h=\frac{2\times 485.5\times 10^{-3}cos(138)}{13.6\times 1000\times 9.81\times 2\times 10^{-3}}=-2.704mm

The negative sign indicates that there is depression in mercury in the tube.

4 0
3 years ago
What is the present value of the future receipts of $2,000, 5 years from now at 10% compounded annually?
Elden [556K]

Answer:

P = $ 766.28

Explanation:

present value = ?

Future value = $ 2000

time = 5 years

compounded annually at the rate of = 10 %

A = P + P(1+\dfrac{r}{100})^t

2000 = P + P(1+\dfrac{10}{100})^5

2000 = P + 1.61 P

2.61 P = 2000

P = $ 766.28

hence, the present value of amount invested to get the future value of $2000 is equal to P = $ 766.28

3 0
3 years ago
). A 50 mm diameter cylinder is subjected to an axial compressive load of 80 kN. The cylinder is partially
Delicious77 [7]

Answer:

\frac{e'_z}{e_z} = 0.87142

Explanation:

Given:-

- The diameter of the cylinder, d = 50 mm.

- The compressive load, F = 80 KN.

Solution:-

- We will form a 3-dimensional coordinate system. The z-direction is along the axial load, and x-y plane is categorized by lateral direction.

- Next we will write down principal strains ( εx, εy, εz ) in all three directions in terms of corresponding stresses ( σx, σy, σz ). The stress-strain relationships will be used for anisotropic material with poisson ratio ( ν ).

                          εx = - [ σx - ν( σy + σz ) ] / E

                          εy = - [ σy - ν( σx + σz ) ] / E

                          εz = - [ σz - ν( σy + σx ) ] / E

- First we will investigate the "no-restraint" case. That is cylinder to expand in lateral direction as usual and contract in compressive load direction. The stresses in the x-y plane are zero because there is " no-restraint" and the lateral expansion occurs only due to compressive load in axial direction. So σy= σx = 0, the 3-D stress - strain relationships can be simplified to:

                          εx =  [ ν*σz ] / E

                          εy = [ ν*σz ] / E

                          εz = - [ σz ] / E   .... Eq 1

- The "restraint" case is a bit tricky in the sense, that first: There is a restriction in the lateral expansion. Second: The restriction is partial in nature, such, that lateral expansion is not completely restrained but reduced to half.

- We will use the strains ( simplified expressions ) evaluated in " no-restraint case " and half them. So the new lateral strains ( εx', εy' ) would be:

                         εx' = - [ σx' - ν( σy' + σz ) ] / E = 0.5*εx

                         εx' = - [ σx' - ν( σy' + σz ) ] / E =  [ ν*σz ] / 2E

                         εy' = - [ σy' - ν( σx' + σz ) ] / E = 0.5*εy

                         εx' = - [ σy' - ν( σx' + σz ) ] / E =  [ ν*σz ] / 2E

- Now, we need to visualize the "enclosure". We see that the entire x-y plane and family of planes parallel to ( z = 0 - plane ) are enclosed by the well-fitted casing. However, the axial direction is free! So, in other words the reduction in lateral expansion has to be compensated by the axial direction. And that compensatory effect is governed by induced compressive stresses ( σx', σy' ) by the fitting on the cylinderical surface.

- We will use the relationhsips developed above and determine the induced compressive stresses ( σx', σy' ).

Note:  σx' = σy', The cylinder is radially enclosed around the entire surface.

Therefore,

                        - [ σx' - ν( σx'+ σz ) ] =  [ ν*σz ] / 2

                          σx' ( 1 - v ) = [ ν*σz ] / 2

                          σx' = σy' = [ ν*σz ] / [ 2*( 1 - v ) ]

- Now use the induced stresses in ( x-y ) plane and determine the new axial strain ( εz' ):

                           εz' = - [ σz - ν( σy' + σx' ) ] / E

                           εz' = - { σz - [ ν^2*σz ] / [ 1 - v ] } / E

                          εz' = - σz*{ 1 - [ ν^2 ] / [ 1 - v ] } / E  ... Eq2

- Now take the ratio of the axial strains determined in the second case ( Eq2 ) to the first case ( Eq1 ) as follows:

                            \frac{e'_z}{e_z} = \frac{- \frac{s_z}{E} * [ 1 - \frac{v^2}{1 - v} ]  }{-\frac{s_z}{E}}  \\\\\frac{e'_z}{e_z} = [ 1 - \frac{v^2}{1 - v} ] = [ 1 - \frac{0.3^2}{1 - 0.3} ] \\\\\frac{e'_z}{e_z} = 0.87142... Answer

5 0
3 years ago
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Dmitriy789 [7]

Answer:

i would go with-B

Explanation:

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6 0
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