Oxygen and hydrogen form the polyatomic hydroxide ion. What is its charge?

While ethanol is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting e

sp2606 [1]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

While ethanol is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting ethylene with water vapor at elevated temperatures.

A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a 1.5 L flask at 12°C with 1.8 atm of ethylene gas and 4.7 atm of water vapor. When the mixture has come to equilibrium she determines that it contains 1.16 atm of ethylene gas and 4.06 atm of water vapor.

The engineer then adds another 1.2 atm of ethylene, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

<u>Answer:</u> The partial pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time is 1.0 atm

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Initial partial pressure of ethylene gas = 1.8 atm

Initial partial pressure of water vapor = 4.7 atm

Equilibrium partial pressure of ethylene gas = 1.16 atm

Equilibrium partial pressure of water vapor = 4.06 atm

The chemical equation for the reaction of ethylene gas and water vapor follows:

$CH_2CH_2(g)+H_2O(g)\rightleftharpoons CH_3CH_2OH(g)$

<u>Initial:</u> 1.8 4.7

<u>At eqllm:</u> 1.8-x 4.7-x

Evaluating the value of 'x'

$\Rightarrow (1.8-x)=1.16\\\\x=0.64$

The expression of $K_p$ for above equation follows:

$K_p=\frac{p_{CH_3CH_2OH}}{p_{CH_2CH_2}\times p_{H_2O}}$

$p_{CH_2CH_2}=1.16atm\\p_{H_2O}=4.06atm\\p_{CH_3CH_2OH}=0.64atm$

Putting values in above expression, we get:

$K_p=\frac{0.64}{1.16\times 4.06}\\\\K_p=0.136$

When more ethylene is added, the equilibrium gets re-established.

Partial pressure of ethylene added = 1.2 atm

$CH_2CH_2(g)+H_2O(g)\rightleftharpoons CH_3CH_2OH(g)$

<u>Initial:</u> 2.36 4.06 0.64

<u>At eqllm:</u> 2.36-x 4.06-x 0.64+x

Putting value in the equilibrium constant expression, we get:

$0.136=\frac{(0.64+x)}{(2.36-x)\times (4.06-x)}\\\\x=0.363,13.41$

Neglecting the value of x = 13.41 because equilibrium partial pressure of ethylene and water vapor will become negative, which is not possible.

So, equilibrium partial pressure of ethanol = (0.64 + x) = (0.64 + 0.363) = 1.003 atm

Hence, the partial pressure of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time is 1.0 atm

3 0

2 years ago

Iodine monochloride (ICl) has a higher boiling point than bromine (Br2) partly because iodine monochloride is a(n)

tekilochka [14]

Answer: polar molecule.

Explanation:

The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point is dependent on the type of forces present.

Iodine monochloride (ICl) is a polar molecule due to the difference in electronegativities of iodine and chlorine. Thus the molecules are bonded by strong dipole dipole forces. Thus a higher temperature is needed to generate enough vapor pressure.

Bromine $(Br_2)$ is a non polar molecule as there is no electronegativity difference between two bromine atoms. The molecules are bonded by weak vanderwaal forces and thus has low boiling point.

7 0

2 years ago

The "d" subshell can hold a maximum of ________ electrons.

Verizon [17]

The d subshell has 5 orbitals (with each being able to hold two electrons. As such, the d orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.

<span>The "d" subshell can hold a maximum of _TEN_ electrons.</span>

5 0

2 years ago

The freezing point of ethanol, CH3CH2OH, is -117.300 °C at 1 atmosphere. Kf(ethanol) = 1.99 °C/m

MAXImum [283]

Answer : The molecular weight of this compound is 891.10 g/mol

Explanation : Given,

Mass of compound = 12.70 g

Mass of ethanol = 216.5 g

Formula used :

$\Delta T_f=i\times K_f\times m\\\\T_f^o-T_f=i\times T_f\times\frac{\text{Mass of compound}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of compound}\times \text{Mass of ethanol}}$