Answer:
1. Diagram C.
2. Diagram A.
Explanation:
1. Calcium atom, Ca has 20 protons and 20 electrons. On the other hand, Calcium ion, Ca^2+ has 20 protons and 18 electrons. This is true because the +2 charge on the calcium ion, Ca^2+ indicates that the calcium atom, Ca has loss 2 electrons.
From the above illustration we can say that calcium ion, Ca^2+ has the following:
Proton = 20
Electron = 18
Therefore, diagram C indicates calcium ion, Ca^2+.
2. Fluorine atom, F has 9 protons and 9 electrons. Fluoride ion, F¯ has 9 protons and 10 electrons. This is so because the –1 charge on the fluoride ion, F¯ indicates that the fluorine atom, F has gained 1 electron.
Thus, we can say that the fluoride ion, F¯ has the following:
Proton = 9
Electron = 10
Therefore, diagram A represent fluoride ion, F¯.
When the oxygen atoms in ozone layer were destroyed by ultraviolet radiations the individual oxygen atoms will make bond with each other and form paired oxygen molecules again to form ozone.
What is the ozone layer?
Ozone layer has a high concentration of ozone (O3) in comparison to the rest of the atmosphere, although it is still low in comparison to other gases in the stratosphere.
The ozone layer contains less than ten parts per million of ozone, whereas the normal ozone concentration in the Earth's atmosphere is around 0.3 parts per million. The ozone layer is mostly found in the lower stratosphere.
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theoretical yield of ammonia (NH₃) = 121.38 g
The limiting reactant is nitrogen (N₂) and the excess reactant is hydrogen (H₂).
Explanation:
We have the following chemical reaction in which nitrogen react with hydrogen to produce ammonia:
N₂ + 3 H₂ → 2 NH₃
Now we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
number of moles = mass / molar weight
number of moles of N₂ = 100 / 28 = 3.57 moles
number of moles of H₂ = 100 / 2 = 50 moles
We see from the chemical reaction that 3 moles of H₂ react with 1 mole of N₂ so 50 moles of H₂ react with 16.67 moles of N₂ which is way more than the available N₂ quantity of 3.57 moles, so the limiting reactant is nitrogen (N₂) and the excess reactant is hydrogen (H₂).
Knowing this we devise the following reasoning:
if 1 mole of N₂ produces 2 moles of NH₃
then 3.57 moles of N₂ produces X moles of NH₃
X = (3.57 × 2) / 1 = 7.14 moles of NH₃
mass = number of moles × molar weight
mass of NH₃ = 7.14 × 17 = 121.38 g (theoretical yield)
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limiting reactant
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Answer:
No. No new substance is formed during Physical change.
Answer:
If matter is heated and thus its temperature rises more and more, it can be seen that the particles contained in it move ever faster – be it the relatively free movement of the particles in gases or the oscillation around a rest position in solids. The temperature of a substance can therefore be regarded as a measure of the velocity of the particles it contains. With a higher temperature and thus higher particle
Explanation:
