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The main difference between protium, deuterium, and tritium is that protium has no neutrons in its nuclei, whereas deuterium is composed of one neutron and tritium is composed of two neutrons [17]. Protium is an isotope of hydrogen that is composed of one proton and one electron.
Answer:
R₁ = (n -1) f
Explanation:
In geometric optics the focal length and the radius of curvature are related, for the case of a lens
1 / f = (n₂-n₀) (1 / R₁ - 1 / R₂)
where f is the focal length, n₂ is the refractive index of the material, n₀ is the refractive index of the medium surrounding the material, R₁ and R₂ are the radius of curvature of each of the material's
In our case, the most common is that the lens is in the air, so n1 = 1, in many cases one of the surfaces is flat, so its radius of curvature R₂ = ∞.
1 / f = (n-1) (1 / R₁)
we look for the radius of curvature R₁
1 / R₁ = 1 / f (n-1)
R₁ = (n -1) f
With this expression we can find the radius of curvature of a concave-plane lens
Answer:
Explanation:
Ecological succession is a process of inhabiting a zoological area by a group of organisms. it involves many stages to reach the climax stage such as primary, secondary, tertiary names basing on the habitat where it occurs. once the organisms reach the most stable stage of the succession. thus it maintains equilibrium Succession helps restore the equilibrium of an ecosystem by forming up new species, diversifying species, and basically by replacing the damaged, deranged, or disturbed community. For instance, when a sudden climate change occurred in a community, such as drought, dryness, fire, or heat waves, all living things that depends on water or survives in a cool, wet environment will die or migrate somewhere else. Thus, leaving that community vacant and/or unoccupied by any living things. Succession, then, will take place in that area by going through various stages until reaching the climax stage, in which the ecosystem is complete again.
