The balloon has traveled 30 meters up from the bicyclist and since it's rising 5 meters per second, 2 seconds later it will travel 10 meters higher. 2 seconds later the bicyclist will travel 20 meters away. so 10+20+30= 60 meters away from each other.
Because i think melting is kinda the biproduct of evaporation.
If the states of matter have changed such as from solid to liquid, you have to remove or add energy.