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2 years ago

Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is separated into useful fractions by fractional distillation.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Hunter-Best [27]2 years ago

3 0

Explanation:

Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures . This method can be used because different hydrocarbons have different boiling points

Hope this help u

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An ionic bond forms when atoms blank electrons

8_murik_8 [283]

Answer:

An ionic bond forms when atoms transfer electrons.

Explanation:

Ionic bonds are formed when atoms transfer electrons. (In contrast, covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons.)

There's a distinction between the two: when two atoms react to form an ionic bond, one atom would completely lose one electron, while the other would completely gain that electron. The atom that loses the electron becomes a positively-charged ion called a cation, whereas the atom that gains the electron becomes a negatively-charged ion called an anion.

For example, consider the reaction between a sodium $\rm Na$ atom and a chlorine $\rm Cl$ atom: $\rm Na + Cl \to NaCl$ .

When the sodium atom and the chlorine atom encounter, the sodium atom would lose one electron to form a positively-charged sodium ion, $\rm Na^{+}$ . The chlorine atom would gain that electron to form a negatively-charged chlorine ion $\rm Cl^{-}$ .

These two ions will readily attract each other because of the opposite electrostatic charges on them. This electrostatic attraction (between two ions of opposite charges) is an ionic bond.

Overall, it would appear as if the sodium $\rm Na$ atom transferred an electron to the chlorine $\rm Cl$ atom to form an ionic bond.

In contrast, when two atoms react to form a covalent bond, they share electrons without giving any away completely. Therefore, it is possible to break certain covalent bonds apart (using a beam of laser, for example) and obtain neutral atoms.

On the other hand, when an ionic bond was broken, the result would be two charged ions- not necessarily two neutral atoms. The electron transfer could not be reversed by simply breaking the bond.

For example, when table salt $\rm NaCl$ is melted (at a very high temperature,) the ionic bond between the sodium ions and chloride ions would (mostly) be broken. However, doing so would only generate a mixture of $\rm Na^{+}$ and $\rm Cl^{-}$ ions- not sodium and chlorine atoms.

7 0

2 years ago

I need help asap!!!!!!!!

maksim [4K]

Answer:

Explanation:

add 22 with the answers like A, 33+22=55

6 0

2 years ago

Which of the following symbols represents a chlorine ion with a stable arrangement of eight valence electrons?

frozen [14]

A stable arrangement of eight valence electrons : ³⁵Cl⁻¹

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Chlorine is a halogen gas, located in group 17, p block

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35

Electron configuration: [Ne] 3s²3p⁵

If we look at the electron configuration, then Cl will bind 1 more electron so that the configuration is stable like Argon (atomic number 18)

So by binding this one electron, chlorine forms negative ions (anions)

³⁵Cl⁻¹

B. Cl⁻² binds 2 electrons, exceeding the octet rule

C. Cl⁺¹, releases 1 electron, remains unstable

D. Cl, the neutral form of Cl, is still unstable with a 7-electron valence configuration

3 0

3 years ago

What layer of earths atmosphere is the layer next to the earth

Pavlova-9 [17]

Answer:

troposphere

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

The following questions pertain to a system contains 122 g CO(g) in a 0.400 L container at -71.2 degrees C.

7nadin3 [17]

Answer:

a. P = 182 atm

Explanation:

Data Given:

amount of CO = 122g

Volume of CO = .400 L

Temperature of CO = -71.2°C

Convert the temperature to Kelvin

T = °C + 273

T = -71.2 + 273

T = 201.8 K

a. Calculate the pressure exerted by the CO(g) in this system using the ideal gas equation (P) = ?

Solution:

To calculate Pressure by using ideal gas formula

PV = nRT

Rearrange the equation for Pressure

P = nRT / V . . . . . . . . . (1)

where

P = pressure

V = Volume

T= Temperature

n = Number of moles

R = ideal gas constant = 0.08206 L.atm / mol. K

For this we have to know the mole of the gas and the following formula will be used

no. of moles = mass in grams / molar mass . . . . . . (2)

Molar mass of CO = 12 + 16 = 28 g/mol

Put values in equation 2

no. of moles = 122 g / 28 g/mol

no. of moles = 4.4 mol

Now put the value in formula (1) to calculate Pressure for CO

P = 4.4 x 201.8 K x 0.08206 (L.atm/mol. K) / 0.400 L

P = 182 atm

So the pressure will be 182 atm

__________

b. Data Given:

Actual pressure exerted by CO = 145 atm

expected pressure exerted by CO = 182 atm

why the actual pressure is less than what would be expected = ?

Explanation:

This is because of the deviation from ideal behavior of real gases.

The real gases approach to ideal behavior under very high temperature and very low pressure.

But CO deviate from ideal behavior to give expected value for pressure, because it behave at high pressure and low temperature.

This non-ideal behavior is due to two postulate of ideal behavior

gas molecules have negligible volume
Gas molecules have negligible inter-molecular interaction

but these postulates not obeyed under real condition. so we calculated the pressure using ideal condition values for gas and obtained the expected value for pressure but the actual pressure value was detected under normal condition.

8 0

3 years ago