Option d
. as they produce some hydrocarbon and methane etc
Answer:
The resistivity of materials depends on the temperature as ρt = ρ0 [1 + α (T – T0). This is the equation that shows the relationship between the resistivity and the temperature.
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Answer:
The minimum thickness of the soap bubble for destructive interference to occur is 225.56 nm.
Explanation:
Given;
wavelength of light, λ = 600 nm
The minimum thickness of the soap bubble for destructive interference to occur is given by;

where;
n is refractive index of soap film = 1.33

Therefore, the minimum thickness of the soap bubble for destructive interference to occur is 225.56 nm.
Answer:
n = 1,875
Explanation:
The speed of light in vacuum is constant (c) and in a material medium it is
v = d / t
The refractive index of a material is defined by
n = c / v
Let's look for the speed of light in the material, in general the length that light travels is known, this value is high, x = 1, when we place a block on the road, a small amount is lengthened by the length of the block, which in general is despised
These measurements are made on a digital oscilloscope that allows to stop the signals and measure their differences, that is, the zero is taken when the first ray arrives and the time for the second ray is measured,
v = d / t
v = 1 / 6.25 10⁻⁹
v = 1.6 10⁸ m / s
we calculate the refractive index
n = 3 10⁸ / 1.6 10⁸
n = 1,875
Answer:

Explanation:
When the unpolarized light passes through the first polarizer, only the component of the light parallel to the axis of the polarizer passes through.
Therefore, after the first polarizer, the intensity of light passing through it is halved, so the intensity after the first polarizer is:

Then, the light passes through the second polarizer. In this case, the intensity of the light passing through the 2nd polarizer is given by Malus' law:

where
is the angle between the axes of the two polarizer
Here we have

So the intensity after the 2nd polarizer is

And substituting the expression for I1, we find:
