<em>Answer:</em>
- The atom consist of three parts, proton, neutron and electrons. The electrons determine that i will combine or beak from other substances.
<em>Explanation:</em>
The atom consist of three parts which are following
The proton and neutron form nucleus of an atom. It is present at center of an atom. They have positive charges, while electrons remained outside the nucleus in particular energy levels or shell around the nucleus.
During combination or breaking of substances ,only arrangements of electrons take place. The valence shell electrons decide whether they have to combine or not, while nucleus remained unchanged during any reactions.
That would be Protons and Neutrons.
Answer:
a) ammonium ion
b) amide ion
Explanation:
The order of decreasing bond angles of the three nitrogen species; ammonium ion, ammonia and amide ion is NH4+ >NH3> NH2-. Next we need to rationalize this order of decreasing bond angles from the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory perspective.
First we must realize that all three nitrogen species contain a central sp3 hybridized carbon atom. This means that a tetrahedral geometry is ideally expected. Recall that the presence of lone pairs distorts molecular structures from the expected geometry based on VSEPR theory.
The amide ion contains two lone pairs of electrons. Remember that the presence of lone pairs causes greater repulsion than bond pairs on the outermost shell of the central atom. Hence, the amide ion has the least H-N-H bond angle of about 105°.
The ammonia molecule contains one lone pair, the repulsion caused by one lone pair is definitely bless than that caused by two lone pairs of electrons hence the bond angle of the H-N-H bond in ammonia is 107°.
The ammonium ion contains four bond pairs and no lone pair of electrons on the outermost nitrogen atom. Hence we expect a perfect tetrahedron with bond angle of 109°.
