When light changes the medium it travels through it also changes speed. The speed in medium is given by formula:

Rearranging formual gives:

From this formula we can make conclusion that index of refraction is inversely proportional to speed of light in medium. This means that greater speed gives smaller index of refraction.
Answer:
Food, clothes, language, and belief
Answer: Creative Thinking.
Explanation: Creative thinking this is a special ability possessed by individuals to see things differently or I’m a different dimension, and find new ways of solving problems. The fact it’s Creative thinking skills doesnt mean it’s for only 'creative types' like musicians. Everyone can also be a beneficiary of creative thinking from time to time. Just like in the case of the scientist above who saw an invention from his failed experiment.
Explanation :
(1) Big bang : (1) The most accepted theory on the origin of the universe.
This theory shows the expanding of the universe from high density and high-temperature states.
(2) Steady state : (3) All is the same and will always stay the same.
Steady state means that the properties of any system remain the same always.
(3) Oscillating universe : (4) Agrees with the big bang theory but insists the universe expanded much quicker.
Oscillating universe theory is the result of big bang theory.
(4) Inflation Choices : (2) it's like an inflating and deflating balloon that never stops.
In cosmology, cosmic inflation or deflation is just the expanding and contraction of the universe.
So, the statements and the choices are related as:
(1)-(1)
(2)- (3)
(3)-(4)
(4)-(2)