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Sergeu [11.5K]
4 years ago
13

Consider the following reaction at constant pressure. Use the information provided below to determine the value of ΔS at 473 K.

Predict whether or not this reaction will be spontaneous at this temperature.
4NH3 (g) + 3O2 (g) → 2N2 (g) + 6H2O (g) ΔH = –1267 kJ
Chemistry
1 answer:
Elis [28]4 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The reaction will be spontaneous

Explanation:

To determine if the reaction will be spontaneous or not at this temperature, we need to calculate the Gibbs's energy using the following formula:

\Delta G= \Delta H - T * \Delta S

<u>If the Gibbs's energy is negative, the reaction will be spontaneous, but if it's positive it will not.</u>

Calculating the \Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S :

\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S

Now, other factor we need to determine is the sign of the S variation. When talking about gases, the more moles you have in your system the more enthropic it is.

In this reaction you go from 7 moles to 8 moles of gas, so you can say that you are going from one enthropy to another higher than the first one. This results in: \Delta S>0[/tex}Back to this expression: [tex]\Delta G= -1267 - 473 K* \Delta S

If the variation of S is positive, the Gibbs's energy will be negative always and the reaction will be spontaneous.

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8 0
4 years ago
18.0 mL of water contains 6.022 x 1023 water molecules. How many hydrogen atoms are in 1.00 L of water? (Each water molecule, H2
brilliants [131]

Solution :

lt is given that in 18 mL of water their are 6.022\times 10^{23} water molecules.

We know, that 1 molecule of water contains 2 atoms of hydrogen.

Hydrogen atom in 18 mL water is,

2\times 6.022\times 10^{23} = 12.044 \times 10^{23} .

So, number of hydrogen atoms in 1 L = 1000 mL are :

N = \dfrac{1000}{18}\times 12.044\times 10^{23}\\\\N = 6.69 \times 10^{25}\ atoms

Hence, this is the required solution.

3 0
3 years ago
A cylinder with a moveable piston contains 0.552 mol of gas and has a volume of 259 mL . Part A What will its volume be if an ad
Naddik [55]

Answer:

The new volume will be 367mL

Explanation:

Using PV = nRT

V1 = 259mL = 0.000259L

n1 = 0.552moles

At constant temperature and pressure, the value is

P * 0.000259 = 0.552 * RT ------equation 1

= 0.552 / 0.000259

= 2131.274

V2 = ?

n2 = 0.552 + 0.232

n2 = 0.784mole

Using ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

P * V2 = 0.784 * RT ---------- equation 2

Combining equations 1 and 2 we have;

V2 = 0.784 / 2131.274

V2 = 0.000367L

V2 = 367mL

7 0
3 years ago
Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction below given that [Cl2] = 0.37 M, [H2] = 0.27 M, and [HCl] = 0.95 M at equili
cluponka [151]

Answer:

The equilibrium constant is 9.034.

Explanation:

Every reversible chemical reaction, as in this case, occurs in both directions: the reagents are transformed into products (direct reaction) and the products are transformed back into reagents ( reverse reaction).

The general way in which a reversible reaction can be written is:

aA + bB ⇔ cC + dD

where A, B, C and D represent the chemical species involved and a, b, c and d their respective stoichiometric coefficients.

The chemical equilibrium is the state in which the direct and indirect reaction have the same reaction rate, and is expressed by a constant Kc. This constant is defined as:

Kc=\frac{[A]^{a}*[B]^{b}  }{[C]^{c} *[D]^{d} }

This constant is equal to the multiplication of the concentrations of the products elevated to their stoichiometric coefficients divided the multiplication of the concentrations of the reactants elevated to their stoichiometric coefficients. In Kc only gases and aqueous solutions come into play and only depends on the temperature.

You have the reaction:

Cl₂(g) + H₂(g) ⇌ 2 HCl(g)

So, in this case, the constant Kc is:

Kc=\frac{[HCl]^{2} }{[Cl_{2} ]*[H_{2}] }

Then:

Kc=\frac{(0.95 M)^{2} }{0.37 M*0.27 M}

Kc= 9.034

<u><em>The equilibrium constant is 9.034.</em></u>

7 0
3 years ago
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