To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the continuity equations in the fluid and the kinematic equation for the description of the displacement, velocity and acceleration.
By definition the movement of the Fluid under the terms of Speed, acceleration and displacement is,

Where,
Velocity in each state
g= Gravity
h = Height
Our values are given as,



Replacing at the kinetic equation to find
we have,



Applying the concepts of continuity,

We need to find A_2 then,

So the cross sectional area of the water stream at a point 0.11 m below the faucet is



Therefore the cross-sectional area of the water stream at a point 0.11 m below the faucet is 
The speed of sound at T=25°C is Vs=346 m/s. So the sound has to reach the cliff and return back to you so the path it needs to travel is s=2*440 m = 880 m.
Since the speed of sound is constant s=Vs*t, and t= s/Vs=880/346=2.54335 s. You will hear the echo after t=2.54335 s after you shouted.
Matter. I don't really know how to explain it. Sorry. But anyways, Hope this helps!

- P is power
- R is resistance

Hence


- Therefore if power is low then resistance will be high.
The first bulb has less power hence it has greater filament resistance.
Force=mass x acceleration
f= 0.5 x40
f=20N