Acid-base conjugate pair forms when the element donates a proton and another species acquires it. and are the base-conjugate acid pair.
<h3>What is base-conjugate acid pair?</h3>
Acids are the species or element and compounds that donates proton or hydrogen ions to form a conjugate base.
Bases are the elements or compounds that acquires protons or hydrogen ions and form a conjugate acid pair.
Conjugate acids and bases are the species or the products formed when the protons or hydrogen ions are increased or decreased in their chemical structures.
The reaction can be shown as,
From the reaction, it can be said that the water molecule acquired the hydrogen or the proton ions and the hydronium ion produced as a result is the conjugate acid of the water base.
Therefore, and are the base-conjugate acid pair.
Learn more about conjugate acid and base here:
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The speed is 7,350km that's the speed of the car
Answer:
NH3 < NF3 < BCl3
Explanation:
The vapour pressure of a substance has something to do with the nature of intermolecular forces between its molecules. If the molecules of a substance are held together by strong intermolecular forces, the substance will display a low vapour pressure at a given temperature and vice versa.
Ammonia has the lowest vapour pressure because of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds that hold its molecules together.
The uncertainty principle is one of the most famous (and probably misunderstood) ideas in physics. It tells us that there is a fuzziness in nature, a fundamental limit to what we can know about the behaviour of quantum particles and, therefore, the smallest scales of nature. Of these scales, the most we can hope for is to calculate probabilities for where things are and how they will behave. Unlike Isaac Newton's clockwork universe, where everything follows clear-cut laws on how to move and prediction is easy if you know the starting conditions, the uncertainty principle enshrines a level of fuzziness into quantum theory.
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Answer:
All of them can be necessary.
Explanation:
In typical DNA cloning, the gene of interest is inserted into a plasmid, this is achieved by using enzymes that "cut and paste" DNA producing a recombinant DNA, considering this we will first need a DNA fragment to be cloned. To "cut and paste" these fragments of DNA we will need restriction enzymes (to cut) and DNA ligase (to paste), this enzyme will recognize the specific target sequence and I'll cut it, another restriction enzyme will also cut the plasmid, then DNA ligase will link the plasmid and target gene together. Now we need to introduce the plasmid into bacteria, to extract it we use glucose as a buffer to maintain the pH-controlled for the plasmid to be stable, so that linear dsDNA (sheared chromosomal DNA) is denatured but closed-circular DNA (plasmid) is not. Once we have our plasmid isolated we can put it into our bacteria (this is called transformation), this is achieved by giving the bacteria a shock that encourages them to take foreign DNA, calcium chloride can improve the results by binding plasmids to lipopolysaccharides in the bacteria. After this shock, some bacteria will accept the plasmid but a portion won't, this is why plasmids typically contain antibiotic resistance genes to allow the bacteria that contain the plasmids to survive after the application of such antibiotic, this means ampicillin is also necessary to isolate our bacteria with recombinant DNA. Finally, you can use these bacteria as "factories" to produce proteins and then obtain them by splitting the bacteria, to achieve this splitting we can use proteases, for example, chymotrypsin. NOw you'll need to purify the proteins you extract one method to do it is using the starch binding domain (SBD) that can be found in some amylolytic enzymes, we can add a recombinant proteins for transferring the starch binding capacity to the target proteins, we will observe both proteins fused to the SBDtag, only the target protein will remain over the starch granules after the wash process.
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